論可登記物之概念──兼議可登記物和物權法定在荷蘭法上之牽連

On the Concept of Registergoederen-Concurrently on the Relationship between the Concept of Registergoederen and the Principle of Numerus Clausus in Dutch Law

登記物的概念發源於《荷蘭民法典》，是一種新的財產類型化方式。可登記物的概念需一定的制度性基礎，即相當數量的物權以登記為公示方法，且適用相同的物權變動規則。可登記物的概念僅在有限範圍內具有意義。這個概念只能涵蓋部分與登記有關的財產，並且主要在物權變動方面具有意義。可登記物無法完全取代不動產的概念。民事立法是否應當採納此概念，尚需謹慎斟酌。可登記物的概念和物權法定原則沒有必然關聯，《荷蘭民法典》未廢除物權法定原則。然於荷蘭民法上，相對於不可登記物而言，可登記物的物權關係具有相當之彈性。諸多債權借登記而具有約束第三人之效力，物權法定原則因此得以緩和。

The concept of registergoederen is initially created by the Dutch Civil Code. It is a new form of categorization of property. This concept requires the fulfillment of an institutional condition, namely that there are a considerable amount of property rights taking registration as the method of publicity and being regulated by the same rules concerning disposal. The concept of registergoed has limited value. It can only cover a part of property that has connection with registration on the one hand, and the principal application of this concept is confined to the area of acquisition of property rights on the other hand. The concept cannot replace the concept of immovable property. Whether future civil law legislations should accept the concept is a question that should be answered carefully and prudentially. The concept of registergoed per se has nothing to do with the principle of numerus clausus, and the Dutch Civil Code does not dispense with this principle. However, compared with other property, registergoederen are able to bear more flexible proprietary rights. Several personal rights can be made partially exclusive against third parties, which eases the principle of numerus clausus.