供應中心的設計與感染管制規範建議

Recommendations for an Optimal Design of and Infection Control in the Central Sterile Supply Department

供應中心的任務是將病人使用過的器械及儀器設備，經由處理後可以安全的提供下一個病人使用，尤其是侵入性器械的處理，從回收、清洗、配盤、滅菌、儲存到發出的過程，牽涉上百道步驟。其中硬體的整合，包括：空間及動線、電力及供水系統、空調、壓力、溫濕度及相關環境用物等，都必須在設計階段，即依據集中或分散處理、工作流程（包括：運送、清洗、滅菌等）所需儀器設備等進行整體規劃，並透過制定和遵循標準流程的規範，以減少器械、工作人員和環境的交叉污染，使工作人員能在安全、有效率的環境，提供安全和可靠的消毒或滅菌器械。本篇將就設計相關感染管制的重點，如：供應中心設計階段、環境、材質設計要求、功能性工作動線、去污區、配盤區、滅菌區、無菌儲存區……等設計、手部衛生設備、沖眼器、光線要求、溫濕度及換氣控制等項目進行介紹。

The primary function of the central sterile supply department of a health care facility or hospital is processing of used instruments (particularly invasive devices) for safe handling. Health care facilities should consider space, electricity, the water distribution system, workflow, ventilation patterns, and the air conditioning system, among other such factors based on locations, procedures, transportation, cleaning methods and sterilization, as well as equipment needed to ensure effective instrument processing. Health care facilities should prevent cross-contamination by designing a good plan flow and by establishing standard operating procedures to ensure a safe environment, as well as safe and efficient use of sterile devices.