大眾文學之多層面向—─以六○年代侯榕生香港發表作品為觀察對象

The Myriad Faces of Popular Literature An Examination of Zong-Sheng Hou’s Works Published in Hong Kong in the 1960s

五○年代女作家群中，侯榕生少有研究者關注，其文學評價猶隱藏於幽黯歷史中，有賴研究者透過相關資料予以顯影。侯榕生1926年生於中國大陸，1948年遷居台灣，1961年移居菲律賓，1964年移民美國，其生命歷程也影響侯榕生的文學表現。綜觀侯榕生的創作歷程，不少作品於香港進行發表，這些作品在侯榕生的創作中皆扮演關鍵性角色，也有其階段性意義，其中包括侯榕生在香港《海光文藝》上發表相關作品，呈現出台灣女作家與香港左翼陣營交集；此外，侯榕生在香港出版《酒後》（香港：中外畫報社，1961）、《北京歸來與自我檢討》﹙香港：文藝書屋，1973﹚和《隴西行》﹙香港：三聯，1987﹚。本文將聚焦於侯榕生六○年代於香港所發表的創作，探討侯榕生的文學表現及其於文學史的相關定位。本文提出侯榕生的作品展現大眾文學的多層面向，六○年代初期侯榕生透過《酒後》此一大眾懷鄉文學，符合當時台港大眾文化的氛圍，並迎合大多數旅居香港的南來文人之文化想像；其次，六○年代中期侯榕生在《海光文藝》中所發表的多部作品，以人生悲喜劇的大眾文學形式，刻畫美國的移民問題，探討海外華人在遷徙過程之體會，並觸及冷戰時期美國夢之相關主題。本文將以六○年代侯榕生在香港發表的作品為觀察對象，為解讀侯榕生此一特殊女作家提供想像的新版圖。

 

Among female authors who were active in Taiwan during the 1950s, Zong-sheng Hou has received relatively little scholarly attention, and critiques of her works have largely been lost to history. How should scholars today perceive Hou’s works through the lens of her related materials? Moreover, how does the genre of authors to which Hou belongs fit into literary history? Hou was born in China in 1926, moved to Taiwan in 1948, and then emigrated first to the Philippines in 1961 and then to the United States in 1964. The rich and varied nature of her life was woven into her literary output. The numerous works of Zong-sheng Hou that were picked up for publication in Hong Kong are considered both of particular importance in her creative catalogue and meaningful in the context of the contemporary time period. Examples of these works include pieces published in the Hong Kong journal Hai Kwang Literature, which highlight the “meeting of minds” between Taiwan’s women authors and Hong Kong’s political left wing; After the Drinking , which Ho published in Hong Kong (Hong Kong Chungwai Publishing, 1961); Self-Reflection on a Trip to Peking (Hong Kong Wenyi Publishing, 1973); and Ballad of Long Hsi (Hong Kong Joint Publishing, 1987). This article examines works published by Zong-sheng Hou in Hong Kong during the 1960s to explore and suggest into which literary genre Hou and similar authors should be classified. Moreover, the multifaceted nature of her works of popular literature is described. Zong-sheng Hou’s After the Wine, a work in the nostalgia genre written in the early 1960s, not only reflects popular cultural currents in contemporary Taiwan and Hong Kong but also catered to the cultural imaginings and yearnings of the Chinese diaspora community living in Hong Kong at the time. In addition, the numerous works that Hou published in Hai Kwang Literature during the mid-1960s center largely on popular tragicomedies highlighting the trials and tribulations of immigrating to the United States, exploring the Chinese migration experience, and plumbing the “American dream” during the Cold War era. This article examines the works of Zong-sheng Hou that were published in Hong Kong in the 1960s in hopes of providing a new approach for reimagining the works of this unique author.