臺灣綠建材標章制度與綠建築設計之應用

Taiwan Green Building Material Labeling System and Its Application to Green Building Design

在因應氣候變遷、地球暖化的議題之下，十多年來我國已因應全球規模的低碳政策發展趨勢，積極推行綠建築與綠建材政策。綠建材標章從2004年開始推行，至2017年底已發出1,888個標章認證，涵蓋13,595種產品。內政部自2006年起於建築技術規則中明訂綠建材使用率為5%，並於2009年調高至30%，於2012年調高至室內45%、戶外10%，可說是綠建材產業最重要的推手之一。近年來，因綠建材認證制度而建立的品質與品牌效益，已驅使更多消費者於私人建築工程中要求使用綠建材產品。 本研究針對過去取得綠建材之產品進行資料收集與分析，以探討綠建材標章認證政策之效益。另外，也分析同為2015年版之綠建築標章與綠建材標章手冊，探討兩評分系統架構與系統之對應關係。分析結果發現官方網站所公告之有效標章中，產品數量呈現持續成長，於2009年超過2,000種產品、2013年超過3,000種產品，更於2015年起持續超過4,000種產品，這個趨勢與建築市場景氣變動較不相關，顯示綠建材產品於市場上具有確保基本市場、穩定獲利之特質。截至2017年底的統計顯示，有效產品數量中健康綠建材佔87.2%、再生綠建材佔10.4%、高性能綠建材佔6.7%，而生態綠建材佔0.2%，顯示健康綠建材於近十年臺灣建材市場發展中的接受度最高。在健康綠建材中壁板材與塗料佔比最多，分別佔了40.4%與40.2%，接著是地板材佔14.1%，而天花板、填縫劑、黏著劑等共佔5.3%。 綠建材標章之產品與綠建築評估系統之項目大致上是相對應的，也提供了綠建築產業帶動綠建材產品的驅動力，上下游市場的鏈結有助於綠色建築經濟環境的建構。未來期盼綠建築與綠建材的連結成為產業的核心，再擴充至智慧與綠色城市的評估體系。

 

In line with low-carbon policies around the world, the government has promoted the Green Building (GB) and Green Building Material (GBM) labeling policy in Taiwan. First implemented in 2004, 1,888 labels had been certified for 13,595 products as of the end of 2017. Since 2006, the building code has required usage of 5% GBM products for the interior surface of public use buildings. The requirement was raised to 30% in 2009 and then to 45% of interiors and 10% of exteriors in 2012. Recently, the quality and reputation of GBM products have improved, and many consumers are requesting that GBM products be used in their private buildings as well. In this paper, we collected and analyzed statistical data of GBM labels to evaluate the GBM policy’s effectiveness. Furthermore, we summarized the connection between GBM and the GB labeling system set forth in the 2015 version of the manual to discuss the motivation for the building material industry. The number of effective products in the official database continue to increase, exceeding 2000 products in 2009, 3000 products in 2013, and 4000 products in 2015. At the end of 2017, these effective products consisted of 87.2% healthy GBM, 10.4% recycled materials, 6.7% high-performance, and 0.2% ecological products. This percentage distribution clearly indicates that the health issue has been highly emphasized and represents the development trends of the building material market in Taiwan. Within the health category, wall panels and paint occupy 40.4% and 40.2%, respectively, followed by flooring with 14.1%, and 5.3% cumulatively for ceilings, sealing, and adhesives. The GBM Labeling System is properly coordinated with the GB evaluation system in all indicators, thus providing a strong driving force for the green built-environment market. Nevertheless, the policies can be further integrated and applied to the development of smart eco-cities in subtropical zones.