我國地方聯合立法可行之探討

The Feasibility of Unified Local Legislation in Taiwan

地方自治團體在「制度性保障」之下，享有客觀法制度之保障，以自我責任而完成地方任務的處理，以自己的意思及責任實施自治。我國地方制度法雖賦予地方自治團體制（訂）定地方自治法規之權，惟並未對涉及地方自治團體跨區域合作之相關細節及配套機制有所規範。本文以日本地方自治法為比較法上的觀察，嘗試找尋我國地方聯合立法的可行性及相關機制的建構，地方聯合立法之事項及其困難與限制。台灣地方自治正處於形成與變動的時期，地方立法權其實並未有真正的落實與開展，地方自治團體之間對其自我負責之事務如何進行跨區域合作，進而建構其聯合立法，對我國地方自治與民主的深化實具有正面與積極的意義。

Under the auspices of an “institutional guarantee,” autonomous local groups enjoy the guarantee of an objective law system, take responsibility for accomplishing their own local tasks, and implement their own form of autonomy. Although our “local system” law entrusts to autonomous local groups, the right to make laws guaranteeing their self governance, these groups cannot be involved in the relevant mechanisms and details of trans-regional cooperation for local-self government. By comparison, the Japanese local autonomy law tries to construct mechanisms that will make clear the feasibility of local government of law of unified legislation, and the difficulties and limitations of such legislation. Thus we see that the concept of “local autonomy” in Taiwan is still in its formative period, for in Taiwan it is still the case that “the central law breaks the local law,” and the local legislatures do not have real power to implement social and political change; only the central government has this power. Therefore it is very important that there be trans-regional cooperation between and among autonomous local groups, to better enable a more united front for the pursuing of local autonomy and a more complete democracy in Taiwan.