觀光發展與在地記憶的疏離－－以九份、金瓜石為例

Tourism Development and Memory Alienation - A Case Study of Jiufen and Jinguashi

儘管九分與金瓜石的歷史發展脈絡有差異，但本文認為二地在觀光發展與在地記憶的疏離處境是一致的，原居民生活記憶不斷被邊緣化，新建構的在地記憶肩負公部門或商家的現實考量，以致地方記憶在不斷地建構過程中，與在地人的記憶愈加疏離。於是新建構的地方記憶成為本論述下的權力鬥爭產物，在地人的記憶成為弱勢一方。本文的問題意識即在探討地方觀光發展與在地居民集體記憶的疏離，並藉由Maurice Halbwachs的「集體記憶」理論及Ernesto Laclau與Chantal Mouffe的「論述分析」來論證疏離感的形成。研究方法首先藉由文獻回顧及相關論文的內容分析以了解九份及金瓜石的時代關懷變遷，其次再透過個案探討及深度訪談的方式說明地方觀光發展與在地居民集體記憶的疏離。

In spite of the difference of historical context between jiufen and jinguashi, this paper suggests that alienation situation of tourism development and collective memory exists in consistence between the two places. The life memory of original residents is constantly marginalized and the new construting local memory always undertakes the reality consideration of the public sector or businesses, and thus the local memory under constant construction is getting more alienated. The new local memory becomes the product of power sturggles relating to the various text narratives, and the real local memory turns into the weaker half. The question of this paper explores the alienation between the tourism development in the local level and the collective memory of local residents, and in the meanwhile we adopt the theories of 'collective memory 'from Maurice Halbwachs and the 'discourse analysis'from Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe. The research methodology is first through literature review and content analysis of relevant papers/thesis to make out the changes and considerations of long term development in Jiufen and Jinguashi, and then followed by ways through case studies, and in-depth interviews with local residents to demonstrate the alienation between the local tourism development and the collective memory of local residents.