數位通貨與普惠金融之監理變革──兼論洗錢防制之因應策略

Revolution of Supervision of Digital Currency and Financial Inclusion: Critical Analysis of Solution Strategy of Anti-Money Laundering and Counter-Terrorist Financing

金融科技之發展，促使數位金融服務之加速，帶動傳統金融之經營模式產生變化；微型金融與普惠金融之深化，鼓勵非金融機構經營金融業務，填補傳統金融漏洞。二者均造成金融監理產生質變，尤其在反洗錢與反資恐之實踐上，必須要適當與時俱進，遵循創新數位普惠金融高標準原則，始不造成金融普惠性之障礙。金融科技模糊了金融業與非金融業之界線，也因此建構監理沙盒制度促進金融科技之創新，鼓勵申請者成為社會企業，希冀創新回饋社會持續循環創新。本文以強化能力監理與動態監理為基礎，借鑑國際組織與英國之規範，針對數位通貨、金融科技遵循原則、虛擬通貨之規制改正與監理創新進行解析，輔以洗錢防制因應策略，提出我國相關法制草案之建議與結論。

The development of Financial Technology（FinTech）promotes the acceleration of digital financial services and makes the traditional financial business model changed. The popularity of microfinance and inclusive finance has led nonfinancial institutions to operate financial business and fill traditional financial loopholes. Both of above have led to qualitative change in financial supervision, especially in the practices of AML/CFT. In addition, the practices of AML/CFT have to properly advance with the times and obey the G20 High Level Principles for Digital Financial Inclusion. Financial Technology blurred the boundaries between the financial and nonfinancial institutions and therefore the construction of Regulatory Sandbox system promotes innovation in Financial Technology, which encourages applicants to become social enterprises and makes innovation to contribute to continuous innovation. This paper focuses on the Enabling Regulation and Dynamic Regulation of international organizations and the UK to analyze the principles of Digital Currency, the principles of Financial Technology, the regulation of Virtual Currency and supervisory innovation with prevention and control strategy of AML/CFT. Finally, this paper provides the suggestions on the draft bills and conclusion