部落天公爐信仰的原鄕踏查

An On-Site Survey of Makatao's God Censer Religion In Pingtung

本文是有關庭院式天公爐的調查成果；這種天宮爐被研究團隊在台東縣長 濱鄉忠勇村發現，它的基本形式包括：一個包括平台的基座以及一個香爐，並且 設置在戶外庭院、窗台或女兒牆上。我們在忠勇村的頭庄、中庄進行了天公爐的 全面性調查，針對它的樣式初步分類成隆重型、簡單型以及變化型。由於此地的 平埔族原來是居住在屏東平原的馬卡道族，在一百多年前遷居到此地。因此研究 團隊也前往屏東萬巒鄉、新埤鄉進行了天公爐的實地踏查，除了報告我們在馬卡 道族聚落中的發現之外，也提出我們對周邊客家聚落的觀察結果。我們發現在這 幾個鄉鎮的村落中，有十分明顯的平埔客家文化混合的現象，我們認為平埔馬卡 道族從客家文化中吸收了若干要素，變成了他們生活文化的一部分，而隨著族人 遷移台東將這些文化帶到東部，因為社會變動相對較慢而保留了比較傳統的形 式。

This article is about God censer survey results. We found these special patio types of God censer in Changbin Township， Taitung County. Its basic form comprising: a platform on a base structure and a censer on it， and it were set on the outdoor patio， windowsill or parapet. We conducted a comprehensive survey about the God censers in the village. A grand type， simple type and changeable style were classified temporarily. Because these plains aborigines used to live in Pingtung plain， they belonged to Makatao tribe. One hundred years ago they moved to here. Therefore， the research team also conducted a field survey about the God censer， in Wanluan and Shinpi Township， Pingtung. We report what we found in Makatao’s communities; in addition， we also made observations on the surrounding Hakka settlements. We found there were very obvious Pingpu mixed Hakka culture phenomenon， we believe Pingpu Makatao people absorbed a number of elements from the Hakka culture， and translated into their life and culture. And because some of them immigrated to Taitung， they brought these culture elements to the east Taiwan. They kept traditional style of God censor since their communities changed relatively slow.