臺灣日治時期瘧疾防治之推行

The prophylaxis and treatment against malaria in Colonial Taiwan

臺灣日治時期瘧疾防制工作可說是最具熱帶疾病防制意義的工作。本文嘗試以基層防疫組織討論起，探討防疫工作以及防疫工作所展現的特色，總督府在治療瘧患的工作方面時，以衛生警察—保甲為基礎建立之通報系統，在基層地方發揮協助檢疫的功能。瘧患發病時可經由通報系統治療瘧患，治療期間亦可經由通報系統追蹤服藥紀錄，發揮疾病管制的功能。除此之外，不管是治療瘧患，或是切斷人與蚊接觸工作方面，均同樣以衛生警察—保甲為執行單位，強制民眾進行環境整潔及衛生教育，再將情報層層回報至總督府，在「控制」之下進行防疫工作是總督府防瘧的基本原則。

The anti-malaria program in Japanese Colonial Rule Period of Taiwan History is one of the most representative policies for the tropics disease. This paper discussed the prophylaxis and treatment of anti-malaria program through the basic organization. The governors built up an announcement system based on hygienic policemen and neighborhood organization to assist quarantine operation. The malarial patients would be known to treat through this announcement system, and their medical record could be tracked as well. Besides, whether treating the malarial patient or cutting off the contact between people and mosquito, hygienic policemen and neighborhood organization are the administration unit to make people clean their living environment and keep the governors posted. The anti-malaria program under the 'restraint' is the basic principle by governors.