醫院職場健康促進對員工健康認知、行為與狀況之影響分析

Analysis of the Effect of Workplace Health Promotion Program on the Health Status, Perceptions and Behaviors of Hospital Employees

目的：健康促進的概念是醫療照護觀念的一大改變。從疾病的治療擴展到預防保健及健康促進。配合「世界衛生組織健康促進醫院認證計劃」，導入一系列健康促進之措施，並以前後測分析成效。期望本研究之成果，能有利於醫療機構擬定與推廣健康促進策略，及相關主管機關制定政策參考。方法：以中部某區域醫院家庭醫學科及慢性病房照護團隊員工為對象，並以結構式問卷調查的方式來進行資料收集。於2013年7月進行前測評估後，根據調查結果訂定並執行健康促進品質改善計畫，並於2014年7月進行後測評估。結果：受訪員工前測80位（男性29位），後測75位（男性27位）；BMI 平均值（±標準差），前測為22.06(±3.61)，後測為22.31(±3.48)，性別、年齡及BMI均無顯著差異。自覺健康狀況、與前一年相比的健康狀況、工作疲乏程度、職場安全行為、職場滿意度等，皆無統計學上顯著差異。但運動習慣之增加，有顯著差異。性別上之比較，前測中，女性自覺健康狀況差，運動習慣較少，有統計學上顯著差異。但後測中，並未觀察到有明顯之差異。對健康促進政策內容知悉者，性別間亦有統計學上顯著之差異。單以女性員工前後測之比較，也可見運動習慣之增加、與前一年健康狀況比較，皆有統計學上的顯著差異。結論：職場健康促進改善計畫的推行，可增進員工運動習慣，尤其對職場女性員工的影響力更為顯著。

Purpose: Emergence of the concept called health promotion signals a major change in the history of health care as it moves beyond disease treatment to incorporate preventive health care and health promotion. Responding to the WHO Health Promotion Hospital Recognition Project, a series of health promotion measures have been integrated into a hospital workplace health promotion program. This study, with both pre-test and post-test, aimed at assessing the effectiveness of the program in improving the health status, perceptions, and behaviors of hospital employees. Study results can be expected to benefit the government and hospitals in developing and implementing effective health promotion strategies and policies. Methods: The staff members of the Department of Family Medicine and the Chronic-Disease ward of a regional hospital in central Taiwan were recruited. A standard questionnaire was used for data collection. A pre-test evaluation was conducted in July 2013, and evaluation results were consulted to develop a health promotion and health quality improvement program for implementation. Subsequent post-test assessment was performed in July 2014. Results: Total numbers of study participants read 80 (male 29) pre-test and 75 (male 27) posttest; mean BMI values (± standard deviation) were 22.06 (± 3.61) pre-test and 22.31 (± 3.48) post-test. Gender, age and BMI reported no significant difference (p= 1.000, 0.877 and 0.622). Self-perceived health status, and health status compared to the previous year, work fatigue, safe behavior in workplace, workplace satisfaction all failed to show statistically significant difference (p= 0.877, 0.087, 0.146, 0.348 and 0.698). However, a significant difference (p=0.004) was observed in the increase of regular exercise. In terms of gender, female participants reported in pre-text a significant difference (p=0.002, p<0.001) in poor self-perceived health status and inadequate regular exercise. However, no significant difference (p=0.313, p=0.070) was found in post-test. Awareness of the related health promotion policies was marked with a statistically significant difference (p=0.033) between genders. For female participants, the results of pre- and post-test comparison indicated a statistically significant difference (p=0.005) in the increase of regular exercise and health status. Conclusion: Implementation of workplace health promotion program helps improve hospital employees’ readiness to engage in regular exercise, and its effects tend to be more significant on female employees