越南巴納族榮屋宗教意涵之研究

The Religious Significance of the Vietnamese Bahnar Rong House

宗教建築在古文明以宗教信仰為中心之社會體系中，屬於一種「非歷史」(A-historical)屬性的「觀念性建築」 (Conceptual Architecture)，其存在之目的，非作為純美學及實用之功能，而是滿足其「垂直精神向度」(Vertical Spiritual Dimension)指標上的需求，扮演宗教文化根源思想表徵之角色。本論文以越南巴納族「天堂-人間-地獄」之宇宙觀為探討主軸，檢視存在於越南巴納族榮屋宗教中心深層之宗教象徵意義。榮屋宗教中心座落於越南巴納族村莊樞紐位置。歷史發展，型式演進，設計者之理念並非探討重點，而是在於其欲傳達來自宇宙的訊息：作為守護神，及上天意旨傳遞媒介之宇宙軸線，連接天地之間的窗口。其建築呈現在空間及造型上豐富宇宙圖像符號特徵，即作為此宇宙訊息意涵之表徵。

In ancient religious-oriented civilization, the religious architecture is often characterized as the a-historical “conceptual architecture”. The existence of such building is not for the purpose of aesthetic and functional concerns, but to fulfill the requirement of the Vertical Spiritual Dimension, and to manifest the religious symbolism embedded in it. From the Bahnar Heaven-Earth-Underworld cosmology points of view, this thesis explores the religious meaning behind the Vietnamese Bahnar Rong House. Situated at the heart of the Vietnamese Central Highlands village, the Rong House with all its prominent characteristics serves as the religious center of the community. Historical development, stylistic evolution, and the designer’s concepts are not the major concerns in this research. Rather, the Rong House itself discloses a cosmic message as the genius loci and axis mundi, transmitting the Will of Heaven to the Earth below. Manifested in its spatial and formal design, the Rong House reveals itself as a message from the Cosmos.