Michael Winkler改革教育學之探究   全文下載

Inquiry into Michael Winkler’s Reform Pedagogy

本文採用教育詮釋學方法，進行Winkler改革教育學的探究。Winkler改革教育學的思想淵源來自Kant的教育學、Humboldt的陶冶理論、Schleiermacher的教育理論、Nohl的改革教育學和Reble的教育學史。其改革教育學的主要內涵包括改革教育學的基本理念、改革教育學與印刷術的關係、文理中學性質的重新思考、學校教育機構史的探討和陶冶概念的歷史分析。Winkler的改革教育學具有澄清改革教育學的基本理念，說明改革教育學與印刷術的關係，指出文理中學必須注重閱讀，增進我們對教育機構歷史的瞭解和肯定教育經典與人物的價值等優點，但也存在著窄化改革教育學的範圍，限制了書本學校的類型和忽略學生也具有被動性等問題。Winkler的改革教育學不僅可裨益教育改革理論的發展，提醒各級學校重視閱讀教學，注重教育機構歷史的探討和鼓勵教育經典與人物研究，且能夠提供我國作為實驗學校改善教學的參考，促進我國實驗學校教育的發展，相當值得我們加以重視。

This study applied educational hermeneutics to investigate Michael Winkler’s reform pedagogy, which is influenced by Kant’s pedagogy, Humboldt’s cultivation theory, Schleiermacher’s educational theory, Nohl’s reform pedagogy, and Reble’s pedagogical history. The contents of Winkler’s reform pedagogy include basic ideas concerning reform pedagogy, the relationship between reform pedagogy and printing, the redevelopment of the nature of high school, a discussion about the history of educational institutes, and a historical analysis of the concept of cultivation. The reform pedagogy has the following advantages: first, it clarifies the basic ideas of reform pedagogy; second, it explains the relationship between reform pedagogy and printing; third, it focuses on the benefit of reading in high school; fourth, it enhances the understanding of the history of educational institutes; and fifth, it affirms the values of educational classics and figures. However, the reform pedagogy also has the following problems: it narrows the scope of reform pedagogy; it limits the patterns of book-based schooling ; and it neglects the passivity of students. Winkler’s perspectives can not only benefit the development of reform theory, reemphasize the relevance of reading in high school, emphasize historical discussion of educational institutes, and encourage the study of educational classics and figures, but can also act as a reference for improving the instruction in experimental schools and promoting the development of experimental schools. Thus, focusing on Winkler’s reform pedagogy can be beneficial.