高齡事實婚伴侶之遺產酌給請求

The Right to a Certain Portion of the Deceased’s Property for an Aged Mate in the de Facto Marriage

民法第1149條遺產酌給請求權之構成要件與法律效果，應如何解釋、適用？遺產酌給請求權之法院實務案件，原本不多，上訴至最高法院者，更為稀少，近3年來，大致僅有本文所介紹之3則案例，請求人均為高齡事實婚伴侶，彌足珍貴。本文嘗試觀察、介紹法院之認事用法，並指出法律見解值得討論之處，希能有助於理解臺灣高齡事實婚伴侶遺產酌給之法律社會事實與法制。

Civil Code Article 1149 said, “A person who had been financially provided by the deceased before the latter’s death shall be allocated a certain portion of the deceased’s property by the family council, taking into consideration the extent of maintenance he used to receive and other relationships with the deceased.” How to earn the living for an aged mate when his mate dead in the de facto marriage? How to explain and apply the constituent elements of Article 1149 to a real case?
I will introduce three latest real cases which appealed to Supreme Court. Then, I will analysis the constituent elements of Article 1149 via the discussion of the three latest real cases. Readers can realize Civil Code Article 1149 and the trend of its legal issues and judicial practice through this paper.