一個無政府主義者的軌跡：黃天海與《明日》雜誌

In Search of an Anarchist in Colonial Taiwan: Huang Tian-hai and the Min-Ri(Tomorrow) Literary

本文討論黃天海（1904-1931），一位活躍在日治時代中期的臺灣無政府主義者的生命與文學軌跡，透過重建其生命史與分析其發表在《明日》雜誌上的作品，探討曾經出現在臺灣文學史上的無政府主義思想與文藝活動。宜蘭出身的無政府主義者黃天海，以孤魂為筆名，在1930年創刊的《明日》發表了許多的作品。在1920年代末期，黃天海以無產青年之姿，活躍於宜蘭與臺北，稍後主持《明日》雜誌的編務，並曾參與臺灣勞動互助社的活動，以無政府主義的立場，介入當時轉型中的臺灣反殖民運動。其發表在《明日》的作品，呈現以個人解放與互助思想為中心的文藝美學。以黃天海為例的臺灣無政府主義者，在日治時期的思想史上雖如曇花一現，卻留下了珍貴的、富有啟發性的思想。

Huan Tian-hai (1904-1931), a long remained unnoticed Taiwanese anarchist, was a young energetic anti-colonial activist in Taiwan in the 1920s. By reconstructing Huang Tian-hais short-lived life history and analyzing his literary works published on the Min-Ri Literary, this paper discusses the anarchist thoughts and aesthetics emerged in the late 1920s in the modern Taiwanese literary history. Using a pen name Gu-hun (lonely spirit), Huang Tian-hai , who came from Yi-lan, published many literary works on the Min-Ri Literary, an anarchist journal found in Taipei in 1930 by Huang together with his anarchist comrades. During the 1920s, Huang, as a proletarian youth belonged to some leftist tendency among the Taiwanese anti-colonial movements, actively participated in political and social movements and organized artist activities in his home town Yi-lan and in Taipei. The Min-Ri Literary and the Taiwan Labor Mutual Aid Society Huang deeply involved took firmly the anarchist position in the anti-colonial emancipation campaigns. The literary works Huang published in Min-Ri present anarchist thought and aesthetics based on the liberation of self and society as well as Kropotkinian idea of mutual aid. Taiwanese anarchism, as examined in this paper by drawing on Huang’s activities and literary works , was meteoric in presence in the colonial Taiwan but its precious and inspiring experiences was worthy of furthering exploration.