The cultural thought of Tang Dynasty combined the three sects: Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism. This trend influenced Buddhism, and whats more, Buddhism combined itself with Yi-ology of Confucianism. For instance, Huayanjingshuchao quoted lots of Yi-ology. Instead of being shown in one part of Huayanjingshuchao, the citations appeared in different parts. Furthermore, Zhouyi was cited more than the books of the other sects. These citations related to Zhouyi can be classified into three types: borrowing Zhouyi to clarify the thoughts of Huayanjing, viewing Zhouyi as the thoughts of heretics, and using Zhouyi for explaining the meanings of the words. The first type not only had the most example sentences, but it was the main purpose for Chengguan to cite Zhouyi. As for the second type, though it had the fewest example sentences, yet it unfolded Chengguan’s attitudes toward the three sects and Buddhism. Regarding the third type, Chengguan just used Zhouyi to explain the meanings of the words without any special purpose.
Chengguan’s thought of Yi-ology mainly derived from the Metaphysical argumentation faction of Zhouyizhengyi. Chengguan cited the original text of Zhouyi, in which “Xici,” which has the highest philosophy and speculation as Huayanjing, appeared most frequently and it appeared about twenty times. Concerning Chengguan’s citations of Yi-ology, they originated mainly from Hankangbo, secondly from Wangbi, and also the “Mingxiang” in the Zhouyilueli, but only a few quotes came from Kongyingda.