言論、新聞自由與名譽、隱私權的界限衝突

The Conflict Between Freedom of Speech (or Freedom of Press) with Privacy (or Reputation)

新聞、言論自由與名譽、隱私權等人權之保障，向來處於天平的兩端，在司法實務上常造成兩造攻防的重點，在雙方均各執己見之情形下，實不容易判定，本文乃舉二個實例來解析「真正惡意」法則(actual malice)之適用間題。另外，近來新聞報導經常上演著侵犯隱私權疑慮的戲碼，大眾媒體經常高舉其為第四權之新聞自由為藉口，以為新聞自由沒有界限，其他的人權（尤其是隱私權）通通都應退讓，實則，新聞自由有其界限，一旦超過界限，可能造成隱私權之侵害，而有刑事罪責，故媒體自律有其必要。

Between The freedom of speech (or freedom of press) with privacy (or reputation), has always been the focus of offensive and defensive actions by both sides, often controversial constantly. This paper presents two cases to illustrate the actual malice rule of applicability. In addition, recent news reports often appear doubts of privacy violation question. The mass media often advocated freedom of press lead to arbitrary violated peoples privacy. In fact, there are limits of freedom of press, if it exceeds this limit, it could result in the violated of privacy, therefore, media self-regulation is extremely important.