撒水頭下方障礙物造成撒水障礙之探討

Obstructions below the Sprinkler How to Affect Extinguishing Performance

本研究方法以實驗證明撒水頭高度、裝設位置與障礙物之遮蔽率進行撒水障礙情境之探討。本研究設置實驗平台與天花板距離分別為5.3公尺與4.1公尺，而撒水頭裝設於距離平台高度5.2公尺與4公尺高進行不同遮蔽率實驗。實驗結果發現：當撒水頭位於5.2公尺時，無論遮蔽率在0%、35%、70%時，皆因障礙物上方撒水頭設置過高、使作動時間不穩定，導致撒水失效，且作動後亦無法使下層火災達到滅火，但位於障礙物上方撒水頭仍可防範風管、管線等障礙物上方之火災。而撒水頭位於4公尺且天花板為4.1公尺時，當撒水頭下方無障礙物時，才能夠有效達到滅火之情形。因此，建議消防主管機關應將障礙物上方之撒水頭仍可設置進行防護障礙物上層火災之部分，而應將設置於障礙物下方之自動撒水設備改採取定溫式探測器連動開放式撒水頭，才能有效的達到下層火災防護機制。

This research focused on using an experiment platform and ceiling at distances of 5.3m and 4.1m. The sprinkler heads were installed at 5.2m and 4m away from the platform, and while under different shielding rates, it was experimented whether or not there would be sprinkling obstruction. Experiment results showed when the sprinkler heads were at 5.2m, the sprinklers would all fail to extinguish the fire as a result of being too far from the fire, regardless of whether the shielding rate was 0%, 35%, or 70%. The actuation times of the sprinklers on the upper layer of the obstacles were unstable and could not effectively extinguish the fires on the lower layer of it, but they could still protect the areas above the obstacles, like HVAC systems and pipelines. When the sprinkler heads were at 4m with the ceiling at 4.1m, the sprinklers could only extinguish the fires if the shielding rate was at 0%. It is recommended that the NFA continue to use sprinkler heads to handle fires on the upper layers of the obstacles, but to use fixed temperature detector linked open head sprinklers in order to assure the protection of the lower layers of the obstacles.