劣化鋼筋混凝土建築物生命週期地震風險評估研究

Study on the Evaluation Method for Life-cycle Seismic Risk for Deteriorating Reinforced Concrete Buildings

近年橋梁及建築物之補強或修復工法被廣泛研究且應用實例亦不少，但多著重於「事後」補強或修復工法之適用性研究，若能於結構物性能喪失前即進行適當之補修或補強工法，則所花費之金錢或影響必能降低。因此，本研究主要目標為建立屬於「事前」防範之「劣化鋼筋混凝土建築物生命週期維護管理決策支援系統」，亦可分為地震風險評估（本篇文章）與多標目最佳化維護管理策略二部份研究（後續文章）。本文將以介紹考慮鹽害影響之劣化鋼筋混凝土建築物生命週期地震風險評估方法為主，而分析所得之地震風險也將納入建築物之生命週期成本為擬定維護策略之重要指標。為增進後續維護策略最佳化之運算效率，本研究將以簡化非線性靜力分析進行劣化鋼筋混凝土建築物之耐震能力曲線求取，再依容量震譜法獲得其等效單自由度之譜加速度與譜位移容量震譜，配合地震損傷指標模型與地震危害度曲線以進行後續地震風險評估。最後，本文將藉由實例分析以了解鹽害環境條件對目標鋼筋混凝土建築物之地震風險影響程度，亦可讓工程師了解鹽害對於結構安全之影響。

The main purpose of this study is to build a decision-making supporting system of life-cycle maintenance strategies for deteriorating reinforced concrete （RC） buildings, including the evaluation method for seismic risk （stated in this paper） and multi-objectives optimization of maintenance strategies （stated in the latter paper）. A deterioration model of an RC member subject to chloride ingress and formulas proposed in design guidelines for estimating the structural capacity of a member are applied to generate the structural capacity curve of a deteriorating RC building in this paper. Moreover, this study presents a method for evaluating seismic structural damage, including the deterioration effect. Incorporating the evaluation model of seismic structural damage and damage ratio with the hazard curve of response spectral accelerations, annual seismic risk can be estimated. Finally, a case study is adopted to discuss the effect of chloride-induced corrosion on the seismic risk of a selected RC building.