包浩斯設計教育以來的空間概念與設計詞彙初探

An Introduction of the Spatial Concepts and Design Words Since the Bauhaus Design Education

形式操作是空間設計技藝中重要的智識，概念是形式發想與衍生的源頭。但空間概念的產生並非個人靈感，其自由發想乃是受制於學院的思想與科技的主導。設計詞彙做為形式操作的引導是自包浩斯教育以來就存在的傳統，在社會變遷下設計詞彙也不斷異動。本文透過對科技、社會發展進程的文獻回顧，架構一個論述的脈絡，討論自包浩斯教育以來，空間概念因科技進程不斷演繹、設計詞彙流動轉向的歷程。據此說明將設計詞彙的引用概括為對個人創作的啟發或是設計方法的建構，是一種過於簡化的說法。就流動的歷程來看，不論是推翻古典象徵語言的機能性規範理論、資訊發展下的合理性、計畫性分析方法或者是全球化影響下的文化性主體認同，空間概念與設計詞彙都呈現出一種伴隨著技術發展下的社會生產；並且，說明空間的「概念」及其「詞彙」總是跨領域的借用，多重疊合而動態流變的。在基本設計教學經常顯現出一種暫時與技術實務區隔、著重啟發的操作訓練中，關於空間概念與設計詞彙的探討，具有操作實踐上的意義，此一初步勾勒的開放性圖像，有助於未來架構台灣設計教學中空間知識模型，也是探索設計詞彙之基本設計教學模式研究的開始。

The operation of forms plays a significant role in the knowledge of the professional training for space design. Concepts regarding spaces do not come from personal inspiration but from academic inheritance and are always dominated by the development of technology. Since the foundation of the Bauhaus education, a tradition of form operation as the essential principle of design has been established through the words it has created. Design words evolve constantly as a society changes. Based on the advancement of technology and the growth of a society, this study establishes a discourse to assert that the concepts of design and the application of words accumulated over time can't be simply understood as the creativity of individuals. Looking into the evolution of concepts and words regarding spaces, no matter they are generated from theories of specified functions that overturns classical symbolism, or from the rationality in information science, or from planning analysis, or from the spontaneous cultural identity under the influence of globalization, they are always the social products through the development of technology, and are given multi-layered and dynamic meanings that are constantly moving. In today's design education there is often a temporary separation from the practice in order to focus on inspiring programs. Exploration of spatial concepts and design words plays a significant part in design training of form operation, and although it only outlines a preliminary diagram, it's openness might help establish a future framework of design education setting out from the research of design words.