吸引力要素與小說的組織與檢索

Appeal Factors and the Organization and Retrieval of Fictional Works

吸引力要素係指閱讀素材中能反映讀者閱讀偏好，誘發閱讀快感的文本特徵，或讀者在閱讀中獲得的知性或感性閱聽效果。在英語世界中，已有若干資訊檢索服務以吸引力要素角度切入，提供讀者有別於傳統書名、作者、主題或文類的小說檢索點。本文從小說組織與檢索的問題開始，介紹吸引力要素的崛起背景，續介紹吸引力要素類型，依性質概可分為書籍相關與讀者導向兩大類，因前者反映文本特徵，較具相對客觀的可描述性，故系統所採用的吸引力要素多為前者。其後，本文介紹四個應用吸引力要素為檢索點的系統實例，並從文類理論觀點探討吸引力要素索引表的建構問題，最後，本文探討吸引力要素衍生的資訊檢索問題，包含吸引力要素索引詞彙的建構與索引一致性議題。

Appeal factors are the textual characteristics that may induce reading pleasures or the cognitive and affective effects a reader may experience from pleasure reading. Appeal factors are now used as access points in some information retrieval systems for fictional works in the English speaking world. This paper describes the organization and retrieval problems of fiction, which triggered the emergence of appeal-based indexing. It continues to discuss on the nature of reading appeals and the typology of appeal factors, including book-related and reader-driven appeals. It follows to describe four information systems where appeal factors are used as a search mechanism to filter and discover fiction titles that meet the readers' expectations. It goes on to theorize the relationships between appeal factors and literary genres and ends with a discussion on the challenges of appeal-based indexing, including the selection and construction of appeal terms as well as the indexing consistency issues.