美國聯邦量刑指南適用之研究及其對臺灣的啟示

A Study on Application of the Federal Sentencing Guidelines of the United States and the Inspiration on Taiwan

美國聯邦量刑指南並非只是一部抽象的量刑規則，其不但針對一罪量刑作出具體明確的指導，亦對數罪合併量刑，提供實質可行的操作規範。本文第一個目的，在詳細介紹量刑指南之適用。雖量刑指南並非完美，惟其促進量刑一致之實用價值，不僅符合量刑改革法案期待，也因量刑可預測性而避免許多不必要的爭議。司法院已針對妨害性自主罪、殺人與傷害致死罪、搶奪罪、強盜罪、電信詐欺罪、槍砲案件、不能安全駕駛罪、竊盜罪等，提供線上量刑建議系統，惟該建議系統並未提供明確的指引。從而，本文第二個目的，即在探討美國量刑指南值得我國法制借鑑之處。

The United States Sentencing Guideline (USSG) is not only an abstract set of sentencing rules but also providing clear and useful guidelines for sentencing one and more crimes. The first purpose of this study focuses on thorough introduction of USSG. Although USSG is not a perfect one, its practical value to avoid sentence disparity satisfies the purpose of the Sentence Reform Act with sentencing predictability. Since the Judicial Yuan already provided online sentencing suggestions system for cases involving rape, homicide, manslaughter, abrupt taking, robbery, tele-fraud, illegal possession of firearms and guns, unsafe driving, larceny… etc., there are still no clear guideline for courts to follow at sentencing in Taiwan. Therefore, this study also aim at lessons from USSG for improving the justice system in Taiwan.