優秀運動員社會化過程之探究

Explore the Sport Socialization of Elite Athletes

目的：透過優秀運動員的生命歷程來探究運動社會化過程，暸解研究 參與者在運動社會化的過程中如何面對和因應。方法：採用質性研究之半 結構深度訪談，並以敘說分析為主要策略，而研究對象是曾為我國亞洲籍 優秀運動員之一的 T 先生。另外，再利用運動價值係形成過程作為研究 分析之輔助架構，使研究者更深入理解研究參與者之運動社會化過程，將 蒐集資料之分析並重新詮釋研究參與者之生命歷程。結果：重要他人對研 究參與者的態度及行為影響甚深；且生命歷程中，研究參與者常會出現角 色衝突，使運動社會化過程皆產生出正向及負向的情形，而造成影響研究 參與者之重要因素，包含了重要他人及體育相關組織。結論：可分為初級 次級社會化過程，在初級社會化中，重要他人為導向正確的社會價值觀念， 以符合社會之期待；在次級社會化中，非所有的運動社會化之影響媒介對 T 先生都為正向幫助。而在運動社會化的過程中，運動員皆會面臨角色轉 換之衝突，如果重要他人能適時的引導並鼓勵，將能使運動員突破自我設 限，其運動員生命歷程更加順遂。

The main purpose of this study is to utilize a life story of professional athletes, to explore the problems of the process of sport-socialization. The qualitative research was adopted to be the main research strategy. In-depth interviews and narrative analysis were used as the methods for collecting and analyzing data. And the participant is a former athlete who competed internationally, known in this research as Mr. T. Using sports-value to assist the research structure, allowing the researcher to understand the process of sport-socialization of the participant. The results show that the important others, such as a mentor or a close family member, can influence the participant's actions significantly. During his life, the participant often faces the role-conflict itself. It led to both of sides in a positive and negative situation. To conclude that sport-socialization is divided into basic and intermediate forms. In the basic form of socialization, the important others play a key role in directing the participant in the correct and positive-path of his life. In the intermediate form of socialization, not all of the influencing factors of sport-socialization is a positive one for the research participant. In the process of sport-socialization, athletes will face the changes and conflicts of one's character, the important others will be a key factor in guiding and encouraging to challenge one's own limits, and for the athlete to find success in life.