走進層層密室──親密關係性暴力的定義態樣、盛行率與工作挑戰之文獻回顧

Walking into a private room-A Systematic Literature Review of Definitions, Prevalence, and Challenges of Intimate Partner Sexual Violence

性暴力與性騷擾是一個嚴重的全球性公共衛生議題以及人權議題。將網路科技運用 在親密關係的性暴力犯罪的情況，這幾年間日益增加也愈趨複雜。本文的目的是介紹「親 密關係性暴力」這個概念，過去親密關係性暴力被認為是親密關係中的一種性虐待/暴力 類型，因而被忽略，亦低估性別暴力與數位科技之間的關聯性與發展趨勢。實證研究指 出，親密關係的兩人中同時發生肢體暴力和性暴力，是屬於一種獨特的受害形式，與單 獨的親密關係暴力不盡相同。本文期待藉由系統性文獻回顧方法，以 EBSCOhost 資料 庫平台、ProQuest 及 JSTOR 資料庫為主，以「親密關係性暴力」關鍵詞，搜尋 2013 年 至 2017 年國外文獻，篩選後獲 13 篇英文文獻，逐一閱讀題目及摘要過濾符合之文獻後， 透過爬梳不同研究者所使用的詞彙、定義的理解與盛行率計算的關連性，最後萃取並整 合結果，有助於精進評估工作，省思家庭暴力暨性侵害防治相關實務的社工教育，以及 親密關係被害人保護性的實務工作訓練，正視並省思此世紀性的巨大議題將造成的衝 擊，並能提早準備以回應社會變遷，同時對當前工作挑戰提出三項反思：（1）意識到數 位科技與父權制度之共謀關係。（2）看不到不代表不存在—親密關係的性暴力被身體的 傷擋住。（3）從治癒走到預防—跨專業合作的必要。

Sexual violence and sexual harassment are serious global public health and human rights issues. The sexual violence in intimate relationships due to the internet technology is increasing and becoming more complicated. This article introduces the concept of ''sexual violence in intimate relationships''. In the past, sexual violence in intimate relationships is often ignored because it is considered as a type of sexual abuse/violence. Also, the relevance of internet technology and sexual violence is underestimated. Empirical research shows that in an intimate relationship, the co-occurrence of psychical violence and sexual violence between two people is a unique form of suffering, which is differ from the form that only one appearing alone. This article uses systematic literature review in EBSCO research databases, ProQuest databases and JSTOR databases to search papers about ''Intimate partner sexual violence'' during 2013 to 2017. Through analyzing the words, definitions which are used by different researchers and prevalence of sexual violence in intimate relationships, it will improve the practical training of domestic violence and sexual assault prevention to social workers. Thus, there are 3 reflections that social workers are facing now during their work: (1) Awareness of conspiracy between internet technology and patriarchy. (2) You can't see it, but it doesn't mean that it doesn't exist-sexual violence in intimate relationships behind body wounds. (3)From healing to prevention-Development of interdisciplinary cooperation.