教師追求教學績效之微觀政治分析

A Micropolitical Analysis of Teacher Enhancing Teaching Performance

一般對於教師追求教學績效抱持肯定的態度，但追求教學績效過程中是否牽涉不為人知的黑暗面卻鮮少人研究。本研究以校園微觀政治學的透鏡切入，試圖解析教師追求教學績效過程中所產生的意識形態歧異、利益爭奪情事，及政治策略的運用。本研究以中部一所公立高中作為研究場域，透過與該校五位教師進行質性深入訪談，得出以下發現：（一）在意識形態方面，教師追求教學績效歷程經常出現「同科相忌」情形、升學主義導致藝能科教師難以出頭、行政體系遭受到家長與教師兩方勢力拉扯、家長信奉名師的背後存在著教師專業與家長主義的抗衡；（二）在利益爭奪方面，爭奪場域主要出現在課務安排、利益分配存在先來後到與獨厚明星教師之潛規則、教師搶奪資源即使犧牲他人利益在所不惜、資優班教師運用額外資源強化自身專業形象並增加學校曝光率；（三）在政治策略行使上，教師經常以專業形象行使說理策略、運用順從策略以利校務推動、透過遊說策略建立堅強教學陣容、使用結盟策略在校務會議發揮影響力。文末建議：學校組織成員必須正視意識形態之差異、在利益資源分配上建立公平機制，以利組織維持長久和諧運作。

People generally hold positive attitude towards teachers enhancing their teaching performance at school, but the dark side has been seldom explored. Through micropolitical lens, the present case study managed to examine stakeholders’ ideological discrepancies, competition of interest, and micropolitical strategies in school organization. Based on qualitative research, the researchers conducted in-depth interviews with five school teachersat a public schoolin central Taiwan. The findingsare: (1) teachers teaching the same subject seldom agree with each other’s viewpoints, diplomaism often discourages non-academic-subject teachers from expressing their opinions,the ace teachers sometimes battle with parents,and the administrators are confronted with tensionbetween teacher’s professionalism and parentalism; (2) curricular arrangement is the primary concern when it comes to competition for interest, unspoken rules of interest distribution are in favor of seniorand aceteachers, resources are deprived at the cost of others’ interest, and extra resources are taken advantage of by talented-class teachers to enhance their professional image and increase school visibility; (3) teachers tend to utilize reasoning strategy by professional image, obedience strategy to facilitate administrative work, persuasion strategy to form a high-quality teaching team, and alliance strategy to exert their influence at school meetings. Finally, it is suggested that ideological discrepancies be taken seriously by members of school organization and impartial mechanism of interest distribution be established for the harmonious functioning of organization in the long run.