博物館推動新興科技議題之觀眾參與經驗探討：以電磁波宣導體驗推廣活動為例

Exploring Museum Visitors' Participation Experience on Emerging Technology Issues: A Case Study of ''Let's Swing with Electromagnetic Wave''

國立科學工藝博物館（以下簡稱科工館）配合電信傳播科技的發展，近年持續舉辦電磁波系列活動，具科技性、生活化與前瞻性等特色。本文以台灣電信產業發展協會與科工館合作「電磁波宣導體驗活動計畫」中之「超動感電磁波創意玩科學」活動為主題，從電學與磁學的基本原理開始，藉由饒富趣味的科學教具進行闖關遊戲與原理探究，引導觀眾樂意學習電磁波相關科學原理以及電器用品的安全使用方式，藉此培養觀眾對科學的好奇心及親切感，進而養成科技判斷之能力與素養。經由文獻蒐集確認本活動之設計具備五項特性：由淺入深、生活連結、聲光互動、彈性多元和圖文明確。研究期間於107年3至5月及108年3月份期間之周末假日，採取觀察記錄、訪談與問卷並用之方法，評量民眾對本活動之參與程度和評價。問卷資料分析結果顯示，民眾對此活動之整體滿意度極高，而針對活動執行特性的滿意度評估，在教育性、吸引性、現場感受性和生活（科技）性四個向度上，均獲得優良評價，顯示參與觀眾對本活動接受度高，普遍認為本活動具備吸引力且參與經驗良好，能有效提升其對科學之興趣，亦能提高其對生活中科技議題的理解能力。經現場觀察記錄分析結果顯現，家庭觀眾進行博物館參訪時的三項需求：學習、娛樂和社交，在參與本活動時，均得到適度的滿足，有一半以上的家長能動手參與各項關卡的操作挑戰，並在過程中與兒童互相幫助、競賽或討論尋求更好的達成任務方式，呈現出良好的家庭互動。針對電磁波宣導效益而言，透過訪談了解，超過八成的民眾對於生活中的電磁波心存憂慮，而歷經本活動學習後，習得正確的電磁科學與產品安全使用原則，有六成的民眾表示對電磁波的擔憂有所降低，確認觀眾會因理解如何降低風險而減輕憂慮，進而能平心靜氣地思考相關議題。

With the development of telecommunication technology, National Science and Technology Museum has continued to organize a series of scientific events for many years. In collaboration with Taiwan Telecommunication Industry Development Association, this study focuses on the“Let's Swing with Electromagnetic Wave”events of the“Electromagnetic Wave Propagation Experience Activity”project. Based on electromagnetism knowledge in primary and secondary school curriculum, the interactive game-based teaching aids were designed to trigger visitors' willingness in participating these events. The purpose is to guide them to learn electromagnetism knowledge and the safe use of communication products and electrical appliances. In addition, the project aims to develop visitors' curiosity and proficiency in science, and further to improve their scientific literacy and judgment ability. Through the literature review, the design of the events was confirmed and five features were found as following: from basic to advance, connecting to daily life, integrating visual and auditory stimuli, allowing flexible adjustment, and providing clear instructions. The study period was on the weekends in March to May 2018 and March 2019. Observation, structured interview and questionnaire survey were adopted to assess the visitors' participation level and feedback of the events. The results of the questionnaire showed that the degree of satisfaction reaches a high level. In the satisfaction evaluation of the execution characteristics of the activities, it has also obtained excellent evaluations in the four dimensions of education, attraction, on-site sensibility and application. This result reflected that the visitors have high acceptance of the activity, and generally think that it is attractive and they have good experience. They believe that participating in these activities can enhance their scientific interest and improve the understanding of technology issues. According to the analysis results of the on-site observation records, the three needs (learning, amusement, and social needs) of family groups to museum are properly satisfied when participating in these events. More than half of the parents take the challenge in each booth by themselves. They may help their children, compete or discuss with them in the process to seek a better way to achieve the goal, showing good family interaction. Through the interviews, more than 80% of the participants are worried about electromagnetic waves in daily life. After learning through the activity, with the acquisition and correct principles of electromagnetic science and product safety, 60% of the participants said that their concerns about electromagnetic waves have been reduced. Thus, the participants will alleviate their worries by understanding how to reduce the risk, and can calmly think about related issues.