高齡者對於照顧服務員之照護需求評估探討

Evaluation Nursing Aides Long-Term Care Needs Support for Elderly People

在都市化、工業化等社會結構變遷下，核心家庭增多，婦女勞動力參與的增加，使得擔任家庭主要的照顧者，也因為投入職場而無法完全勝任照顧的角色，讓家庭無法發揮照顧的功能，故家庭外的照顧成為現代重要的照護服務。在老人人口增加的社會結構下，隨之而來的問題，是老人長期照護需求的不斷增加，在照護需求不斷攀升的情況之下，政府應制定出良善的照護政策。以高齡化社會及人口轉型之快速發展，造成愈來愈多的老人在經濟、醫療，乃至於居家生活、教育、休閒、娛樂、安養、心理及社會適應等方面問題的產生，因此也帶給許多家庭及社會極大衝擊，對老年人而言，有些人需要健康醫療照護（Health care）如接受醫療院所之照護，有些人則需要長期照護且是在其他養護機構接受服務或是在個人居家所接受的個人照護（Personal care）。然而高品質的老人照護並非僅靠醫療照護服務的提供就可達成。在提供健康服務以滿足病患需求過程中，健康照護專業人力扮演著非財務資源的重要角色。在高齡照護或長期照護領域裡的人力問題，通常較急性醫療系統享有較低的醫望（prestige）與尊重，人員易於流動。在各地方特性的影響下對人力需求也有需多差異。針對高齡者對於居家照護員之需求，本研究採用SPSS統計分析，利用問卷調查方式進行評估之探究。

Under the transition of social structure due to urbanization and industrialization, nuclear family and female labor force participation increase. Since main care providers in family devote to their careers, they are not well competent to provide good care at home. Family loses the function of care so that care provided without family becomes important care service nowadays. In the social structure which the elderly population increases, it accompanies the problem that need of long-term care for the elderly keeping increasing. Under the circumstances that the demand of nursing care keeps arising, the government should formulate good and complete policies. Rapid development of aging society and population transition makes more and more elderly people have difficulty in many aspects, such as finance, medical care, daily life, education, leisure activity, entertainment, nursing, mentality, social accommodation and so on. As a result, it also has a great impact on family and society. For some elderly people, they need health care, such as receiving medical care from hospitals; while others need long-term care in other nursing institutions or receive personal care at home. However, it cannot just rely on providing medical care and service to reach good quality of geriatric care. Apart from appropriate medical care and service, financial supporting, living security, good environment, and gaining concern and respect from others are all the common and essential demands of geriatric care for the elderly in Taiwan. This research uses Statistical Product and Service Solution (SPSS), studies on the mode of health care and home nursing care by nursing aides for the elderly, and uses questionnaire survey, comparative analysis approach and other research methods to assess and inquire.