心理空間理論與《莊子》不為官寓言的隱喻分析

Mental Space Theory and the Metaphors of Refusing Official Positions in the Fables of Zhuangzi

本文以心理空間理論為基礎，結合了框架理論和反義詞彙關係概念，以《莊子》三則不為官的故事隱喻為例來討論莊子如何運用隱喻的方法表達他不為官的意念選擇。透過框架理論和反義詞彙關係概念，我們得以將相關但未出現在篇章中的語意成分誘導出來，與不同心理空間中的語意成分相對比，進而與目標域的語意成分相映射，將未出現在字裡行間的隱喻結構有系統地呈現出來，作為隱喻詮釋的依據，使讀者能清楚觀察到篇章中語意的融合現象，並理解隱喻產生的背後認知機制。

This paper discusses the metaphors regarding the refusal of being an official in Zhuangzi within the framework of Mental Space Theory. It has been shown how frame theory is capable of evoking relevant semantic elements that are not explicitly mentioned in the discourse and how the lexical relation of antonyms evokes the contrastive associated information in different mental spaces. The way of how the evoked semantic elements in the source domain are mapped into those in the target domain illustrates how metaphorical meanings are generated. From our analysis, the readers are able to see how the meanings from different mental spaces are blended in the interpretation of the metaphors and what cognitive mechanisms are associated with those interpretations.