評介兩本在日治時期以日文撰寫的台灣語法書

Two Japanese-era Grammars of Taiwan Southern Min

本文為了紀念台灣語言學百年來的研究發展，特別探討在半個多世紀以前由兩個台灣的先驅者所完成的兩本研究福佬語語法的書《臺灣語法》與《福建語法序說》。由於這兩本書是在日治時期出版，或是在日治時期就開始進行，到了光復以後纔正式出版的，所以都用日文撰寫，書中所用的術語以及所根據的語法理論模式也大都蹈襲了日語語法（但是第二本書還參考了黎錦熙（1924）的《國語文法》），對於國內的讀者來說可能比較陌生。雖然這兩本書在性質上屬於描述性的參考語法，但是頁數分別達402頁與423頁，以當時的出版環境來說是相當大部頭的著作。而且，書的內容，除了狹義的文法以外，還包括福佬語的音韻、文章論以及福佬語與日語介詞、句尾語助詞等的對照分析等。針對當年有音無字的本土語言，如何在創業維艱的情形之下，選用漢字或創造新字也頗有供今人參考的地方。論文的結構共分四節，在第1節的「前言」揭示本文的動機、目標、方法與主要內容後，在第2節與第3節分別評介《臺灣語法》與《福建語法序說》兩本書，包括著者與出版社的背景資料、目錄與主要內容、特色與優點、缺失與改進的方向等，並在最後第4節的「結語」裡回顧與檢討以往台灣語法研究的軌跡。

Two native speakers of Taiwanese Hok-ló wrote and published two grammars of their language at the end of the Japanese colonial period. Both books were written in Japanese and have been long out of print, making them generally inaccessible. Though the books were written and published more than half a century ago, their contents and insights still merit our attention and discussion. The paper consists of four sections. Section 1 briefly presents the methodology adopted by the author as well as the motivation, objective, and main points of the paper, followed by §2 and §3, each discussing Taiwanese Grammar(台灣語法) and Introduction to Fukenese Grammar(福建語法序說), including the backgrounds of the author and the publisher, special features and commendable merits, as well as the contents and main points of the books, and also pointing out certain grammatical analyses which seem to require reconsideration and improvement. Finally, §4 summarizes the main points of the paper with some reviews and examinations of the history of the study of Taiwanese languages in the past and at present.