五四女性的政治取向與形象塑造：以劉清揚、郭隆真和張若名為例

The Political Orientations and the Image Making of the May Fourth Women: With the Case Study of Liu Qingyang, Guo Longzhen, and Zhang Ruoming

本文以直隸第一女子師範學校的劉清揚、郭隆真和張若名為研究對象，通過展現其對五四運動的參與及之後的生命歷程，來分析近代性別和政治之間的互動關係。三位女性可謂五四世代典型，但因家庭背景、社會角色和個人風格之不同，其個體差異隱於五四世代的同質性之下，並發揮作用。此後，這三位女性的人生道路與近代的政黨權力緊密交織在一起。她們對政黨的參與方式以及與政黨的距離，在很大程度上決定了她們在1949年中華人民共和國成立後的命運和在中國共產黨歷史中的定位。但同時，在其身後，這些女性的後人和研究者又根據各自的訴求對她們的官方定位進行挑戰和修訂，從而塑造更為豐富的人物形象。總而言之，這三位女性的生命歷程及其形象塑造為我們展現了性別與政治權力相互博弈之下的複雜面向。

This article examines the interactive relationships between gender and politics by focusing on the life stories of three May Fourth women: Liu Qingyang, Guo Longzhen, and Zhang Ruoming. To some extent, these three women represented the prototype of the May Fourth generation, but the diversity seen in their family backgrounds, social roles, and personal styles indicated their future divergence. After the May Fourth Movement, their life trajectories were closely interwoven with modern political parties, especially the Chinese Communist Party. Their relationships with the CCP determined their destinies and images after the founding of the People's Republic of China. Meanwhile, their progenies and researchers also attempted to challenge and revise these CCP-sanctioned images. In many ways, the life stories and the image-making of these three May Fourth women reveal the complex dimensions between gender and politics.