服務使用者參與自立生活服務的自主權及社區參與經驗探討──以慈愛教養院為例

Research on the Experiences of Autonomy and Community Participation of Service Users in Participating in Independent Living Services: A Case Study of Tsz-Ai Institution

2011年推動自立生活服務至今，期待瞭解服務使用者參與自立生活服務的經驗。研究目的：瞭解服務使用者在自主權及社區參與的情形。研究方法：本研究採用質性研究的方式，蒐集三位服務使用者與三位服務提供者的觀點，佐以研究者的現場觀察探討使用者參與自立生活服務的經驗。研究結論：主要研究發現分成二個部分：（一）在服務使用者參與自立生活服務的意見表達及自我權利體認之情形方面，主要發現：（1）雖然服務使用者表達方式與所需支持不盡相同，可逐漸體認到表達自己想法與能否達成願望間的相關性；（2）同時容易受原先經驗的自我設限影響，心態上常先否定未曾接觸過的事物；（3）被鼓勵擁有自主權力，但權利與責任關係的體認不易，需要更多情境的學習。（二）在服務使用者參與自立生活服務的生活規劃及社區參與情形，則發現：（1）自立生活提供選擇規劃生活的機會，各自發展出自己的生活方式；（2）在支持與鼓勵下，探索學習使用各項社區資源意願高，並多可逐漸獨立使用；（3）需要透過更多的生活經驗，逐漸認識自己的需求；（4）與同儕間逐漸發展出彼此支持的互動方式；（5）社區生活複雜度高常需面對新議題，不容易預先準備好，需透過情境中學習；（6）傾向喜歡這樣的生活方式，不願面對未來獨立生活的安排。

Promoted independent living services since 2011, we look forward to understanding the experience of service users in participating in independent living services. The purpose of this research is to understand the service users' views of autonomy and community participation. Research method: The purpose of this study is to explore the experience of service users in participating in independent living services. Using qualitative research interview method, the research collected the views of three service users and three service providers, along with the researcher's observation on the spot as supporting information. Research conclusion: The main research findings are divided into two parts. 1. Service users' expression of their participation in self-reliance services and the recognition of their own rights: (1) Although the service users' ways of expressions and the support they need are not the same, they can gradually recognize the correlation between the way they express their ideas and whether their hope can be fulfilled; (2) Meanwhile, they tend to be influenced easily by self-limitation in their previous experience, often denying psychologically the things that have never been undergone; (3) Despite being encouraged to be possessive of autonomy, they find it hard to recognize the relationship between rights and responsibilities, about which they need to learn in contexts. 2. Service users' life planning and community participation in independent living services: (1) Self-reliant life provides the opportunity for service users' to make plans for their lives and develop their own lifestyles; (2) With support and encouragement, service users are more willing to explore and use various community resources, and gradually they can use them independently; (3) They need to learn about their needs through more life experiences; (4) They gradually develop with peers an interactive way by which they can support each other; (5) The community life is complex, thus they often need to face new issues, which can not be prepared in advance, and it is necessary for them to learn in situations; (6) They tend to enjoy the present life they live, not willing to face the arrangement of independent living for the future.