辯證法與現象學──黑格爾《精神現象學》的方法論問題

Dialectic and Phenomenology: Reflections on the Methodology of Hegel's 'Phenomenology of Spirit'

黑格爾的哲學方法向來說是辯證法，而辯證法則向來說是「正──反──合」的形式。本文首先批評這兩種說法，接著依據《精神現象學》的文本，說明黑格爾在作品裡明白表述的方法是現象學的方法，而不是辯證法的方法。本文亦檢討其他的詮釋說法。至於辯證法，本文依據文本的分析，論證它並非黑格爾使用的方法，而是他的形上學。

It is said that Hegel's method is dialectic, while the dialectical method is said to be the form of 'thesis-antithesis-synthesis'. This paper argues that both these sayings are legends which lack support from the text. It then studies the text of ”Phenomenology of Spirit” and advocates that what Hegel talks about in his work is the method of phenomenology. It also surveys and criticizes the other interpretations. As for dialectic, this paper proposes in accordance with the text to ascribe it to Hegel's metaphysics rather than his method.