論《管子》政治權威之形式與基礎──以〈權修〉為核心之探討

On the Forms and Bases of Political Authority in Guanzi-A Research on 'Quanxiu'

本文將政治權威視為一種「命令─服從」的權力關係，並以呈現此種關係之不同的性質為其「形式」，又以支撐起各種形式之原因為其「基礎」，進而以此種角度探究《管子‧權修》對於政治權威相關主張。結果本文發現，〈權修〉篇中已然將道德與法律視為政治權威的形式，而且在法律形式中又可以進一步區分出合法性、引誘性以及強制性等三種權威形式。再者，道德形式的政治權威其基礎則是心理的，法律形式的政治權威則是以經濟與武力為其基礎。

The present study treats political authority as a ”command-obedience” relationship. This relationship appears in different ”forms,” and each respective form is underpinned by a certain ”base.” The author targets the forms and bases of political authority exposed in the chapter ”Quanxiu” of Guanzi and finds that morality and law are typical forms of authority. From a more detailed analysis, the legal form is presented in the three distinctive dimensions: legitimate authority, induced authority, and coercive authority. The author further argues that the moral form has a mental base, whereas legal form is based on economy and force.