邁向技術取向的方法論和科學哲學

Towards a Technologistic Methodology and Philosophy of Science

過去數十年來，諸如Hacking和Giere等哲學家在討論學哲學時，已不再專注於科學理論本身，而是偵實驗操控和建造模型等方面來進行論述。就催生實作和技術取向的科學哲學而言，不管是Hacking的實驗主義或是Giere的模型論都貢獻良多。本文要論證的是，科學哲學和工程技術學科的方法論兩者之間其實可以彼此借鏡而相互受益。此外，不同的方法論進路也有必要整合成一個更普遍的詮釋架構理論，而實作──理解──認知乃是被詮釋和觀點所形塑而成的。

For the past several decades, philosophers of science such as Hacking and Giere, instead of focusing attention on scientific theories and seeing them as just linguistic entities, have been thinking about philosophy of science from the standpoint of experimental manipulation and model-construction. Both hacking's experimentalism and Giere's modelism have played a great part in giving birth to an action-oriented and technology-shaped philosophy of science. In this paper, it is argued that philosophy of science can benefit from the technological approach and correlatively, the methodology of general technology might profit from taking into consideration the refinements and novel developments of philosophy of science. It is argued, besides, not only that different methodological approaches have to be integrated into a rather general theory of scheme-interpretation, but also that action-”grasping”-knowledge is shaped by interpretations and by perspectives.