陳英雄與盧克彰的文學關係

The Literary Correlation between Chen Ying-Hsiung and Lu Ke-Chang

1971年7月，排灣族人陳英雄以《域外夢痕》奠定了台灣文學界第一位出書的原住民族作家之地位。〈後記〉中，陳英雄清楚交代登臨文壇的背後，有作家盧克彰的鼓勵與指導。近年間筆者在蒐集大陸來台作家的文學資料時，意外發現盧克彰以陳英雄提供的故事為題材，於1967年6月出版長篇小說集《陽光普照》，書中隨處可見以漢字標音的排灣族語，以及與排灣族風俗文化相關的描寫。1971年5月，《陽光普照》改題為《太陽神的子民》重新上梓。2010年10月，陳英雄以生平第一部長篇小說重返睽違多年的文壇，有趣的是不僅書名與盧克彰作品《太陽神的子民》完全相同，人物角色與故事架構亦有雷同之處，顯示兩人的文學關係超乎學界所知。盧克彰曾在《太陽神的子民》初版《陽光普照》中特別註明，小說中的故事及排灣族的習俗語言為陳英雄所提供。透過陳英雄的說明可以推測出，分屬盧克彰與陳英雄的兩部《太陽神的子民》，源自於同一個排灣族的口傳故事。這項發現不僅將在台灣的原住民書寫史增補進盧克彰的創作，也改寫了陳英雄單方面地受到盧克彰影響的刻板印象。由此出發，本論文透過陳英雄與盧克彰創作的互文性研究，試圖釐清兩人的文學關係，以及雙方的文學交誼在台灣文學史上的意義。

In July 1971, Chen Ying-Hsiung, a Paiwan aboriginal, established himself as the first indigenous writer in Taiwan literature by publishing his short-story anthology Traces of Dreams in Foreign Lands. In the afterword of the book, Chen clearly acknowledges the encouragement and direction of author Lu Ke-Chang. While gathering related information, the researcher accidentally discovered that Lu's full-length novel collection The Sun is Shining Down published in June 1967 is based on a story told by Chen; furthermore, Paiwan language and traditions are seen throughout the book. It was republished in May 1971 under the new title People of the Sun God. In October 2010, Chen returned to literary world with his first full-length novel People of the Sun God. What is interesting is that not only that the title is exactly the same as Lu's edition, but also that the main characters and the storyline are very similar. This suggests that the literary correlation between them goes beyond what academia is currently aware of. Lu intentionally noted that both the story and the Paiwan traditions depicted in the novel were taken from Chen's work The Sun is Shining Down. Chen's explanation also reveals that the both novels are entitled People of the Sun God since they are based on the same Paiwan oral story. This discovery not only situates Lu's creative works within in the history of Taiwan indigenous writings but also changes the commonly-held belief that Chen was influenced by Lu one-sidedly. Hence, this paper attempts to clarify and reevaluate the literary correlation between Lu and Chen and the meaning of their literary friendship in the history of the Taiwanese literature via an intertextual study of their works.