以歷史投標資料輔助異質採購決標模式分析之研究

Determination of the Contractor Selection Method for the Heterogeneous Procurement Projects Based on Historical Bidding Data

選擇正確的決標方式對於後續專案執行成功與否，具有關鍵性影響。國內現行採購決標方式之選擇，大多由採購主管經綜合考量後決定。在無明確證據支持異質性採購情況下，採購單位多傾向採用最低價決標方式以避免圖利廠商之嫌。過去研究雖曾提出「工程異質採購分析模式」、「異質採購圖形分析模式」等模式以輔助採購人員選擇決標方式，然而上述模式必須依據廠商投標後之資料，無法於招標前進行分析，在實務應用上遭遇困難。為解決前述問題，本研究藉由歷史標案資料，應用標準化方法，提出了「招標前異質採購圖形分析模式（Pre-tendering P／PAM-GAM, Pre-GAM）」，以達到事前分析之目的。最後，本文以一個實際建築專案驗證所提出方法之可行性，並說明該方法之實用性。

The determination of the correct ‘Contractor Selection Model (CSM)' is a critical decision affecting the successful delivery of a construction project. Most prevailing practices on the selection of the CSM for a procurement project have been determined by the top manager of the procurement agency via her/his comprehensive consideration of all affecting factors. Without clear evidence to support the adoption of the Heterogeneous Procurement Method (HPM), the procurement personnel usually tend to adopt the Lowest Tender (LT) for the CSM to avoid violating the regulation regarding the ‘Abuse of Public Power for Private Profit.' Although there have been several decision support models to assist the adoption of the HPM proposed by previous researchers, such models use post-tendering data to construct the required analytic models. This is impossible to apply for the pre-tendering decision analysis for the CSM. To tackle the abovementioned problem, this paper proposes Pre-tendering P / PAM-GAM (Pre-GAM) that builds the required analytic model using a special design of the standardization method based on historical bidding data. The proposed PreGAM is able to resolve the problem of the requirement of post-tendering data and make the correct decision on the CSM. A real-world building construction project is used to show the applicability of the proposed PreGAM and to demonstrate its practical application.