東晉《論語》學之經解特色──以孫綽《論語孫氏集解》為探討中心

From Metaphysics to Confucianism : Shun Cho's Exegesis of the Analects

東晉時期的《論語》學，向來較少為學界所關注，孫綽做為最早三教交涉理論融攝的思想家，其《論語》注解特色在於引玄釋入儒，透過玄理的建構，體現在具有形而上意義的內聖之道，不但反映東晉的學術風尚，在《論語》學研究亦具有劃時代的意義。孫綽現存的作品不多，本文擬從孫綽的《論語孫氏集解》現存的殘文（主要收錄在皇侃的《論語義疏》），探討其注解《論語》的基本立場及觀點，以期補東晉時期儒學經解的不足。本文欲研究之主題，分成三部分：一、孫綽：東晉《論語》學研究的個案。二、體玄識遠：引玄釋入儒的《論語》學視域。三、出處同歸：三教交涉的聖人形象。再分別探討其中重要觀念，對「玄」、「理」、「命與時」、「德」之解釋，透過經解之對照反映觀念字之解讀的時代變化及學術史的探索，及其聖人論「玄儒風範與形象」、「體仁無違及擬聖之道」之內涵。

The study on The Analects has received little concern for scholars of the East Jin Dynasty. The most representative annotations on The Analects in the middle of East Jin Dynasty is Shun Cho's Exegesis of the Analects, whose characteristic is applying ''from metaphysics to Confucianism''－ the practice of being a saint by means of philosophical thinking; it not only reflects the academic atmosphere of the East Jin Dynasty, but also is a milestone in the study of The Analects .Since Shun Cho's works there are only a few, this paper aims to explore his standpoint and viewpoint of The Analects based on his Exegesis of the Analects (mainly collected in Huang Kan's Annotations of the Analects) so as to be a supplement for the lack of annotations on The Analects in terms of Confucianism in the East Jin Dynasty. This paper will be divided into three parts: first, Shun Cho as a case study on The Analects in the East Jin Dynasty; second, the philosophical thinking of '' From Metaphysics to Confucianism; ''third, the image of saints by blending Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism. Some key concepts such as ''Voidness'', ''Reason'', ''Fate and Chance'', ''Virtue'' will also be discussed. Furthermore, the meaning of ''being a saint ''will be elaborated in terms of ''enlightenment'', ''freedom from persistence, '' and ''practicing benevolence and imitating saints.''