學校社群中青少年的語碼轉換：社會語言學觀點

Code-Switching Among Adolescents in School Community-A Sociolinguistic Perspective

本研究主要探究語碼轉換（code-switching）這種語言策略在學校社群青少年言談中的語境因素以及社會語言學意涵，採用質性研究取向，並以熟稔中文與閩南語的學生作為提供語料的研究參與者，藉以了解青少年族群在中文和閩南語之間進行語碼轉換的語言策略。本研究主要發現為：（一）影響青少年語碼轉換的主要語境因素為：加強語氣、感嘆用法、慣用表達語、直接引用、調適作用；（二）學校社群中，青少年個人語言習癖為影響其語碼轉換的主要因素；（三）青少年對於中文和閩南語之間語碼轉換的態度存在正反兩種情緒。語言使用者雙語能力的保存有其必要性，可透過認證或政策達成；最後，文末建議未來語碼轉換的相關研究可聚焦於認同、團結、使用態度等方面之探討。

Code-switching (CS) and code-mixing (CM) are prevalent language phenomenon in a multilingual society like Taiwan. The major concerns of the present study are the contextual factors and the sociolinguistic implications of these language strategies in adolescent speech within school community, code-switching in particular. In this study, the researcher adopted a qualitative methodology to investigate CS between Mandarin Chinese and Southern Min among adolescents in the school community. Following the questionnaire, field research, and focusing group interviews are three findings. 1) The identified contextual factors or sociolinguistic functions that contribute to CS are: emphasis, interjection, fixed/formulaic expressions, direct quotation, and accommodation. 2) Adolescents' idiosyncratic way of speech accounts for their CS in school context. 3) Adolescents' attitude towards CS between Mandarin Chinese and Southern Min is ambivalent. In order to preserve bilingual proficiency among the younger generation, language planning and language proficiency certification should be considered. Lastly, the study concludes with some suggestions for future research in CS, including cultural identity, language attitude, and community solidarity.