自道德態度和電腦倫理自我效能探討國小教師違反軟體著作權的潛在動機和行為

A Study of Elementary School Teachers' Behavior and Potential Motivations to Pirate Software from the Perspective of Ethical Attitudes and Ethical Computer Self Efficacy

本研究以國小現職老師為研究對象，自道德態度與電腦倫理自我效能的觀點，探討國小教師對違反軟體著作權的潛在動機和違反著作權的行為，希望能對國小教師違反軟體著作權的潛在動機和對違反著作權的行為有深入的瞭解。研究者參考相關文獻，編製道德態度、電腦倫理自我效能、違反軟體著作權潛在動機、違反軟體著作權行為量表和問卷，以883位國小現職老師為研究對象，經描述統計、t考驗、單因子變異數及多元迴歸等，進行資料的分析，依據資料分析結果，獲致結論如下：一、國小老師多半有正向的道德態度，電腦倫理自我效能有待加強，通常在不論是自己或朋友急需使用軟體的狀況下，會拒絕盜版軟體的信心較不足；違反軟體著作權的動機整體而言不強，但是在急需使用軟體或是軟體太貴買不起的情況下，違反軟體著作權的動機就會增強，較不會出現違反軟體著作權的行為。二、低和中道德態度的國小老師，其違反軟體著作權的潛在動機，顯著高於高道德態度的國小老師。低道德態度的國小老師，其違反著作權的行為，顯著的高於高道德態度的國小老師。三、低和中電腦倫理自我效能的國小老師，在違反軟體著作權的潛在動機方面，顯著高於高電腦倫理自我效能的國小老師。在違反著作權的行為方面，低和中電腦倫理自我效能的國小老師，顯著的高於高電腦倫理自我效能的國小老師。四、女性的國小教師違反軟體著作權的潛在動機較男性國小教師高。男性的國小教師在違反著作權行為方面，顯著高於女性的國小教師。年齡在21－30歲的國小教師相對於年齡在31－40歲和41－50歲的國小教師，有較高的違反軟體著作權潛在動機。而年齡在21－30歲和31－40歲的國小教師，相對於年齡在41－50歲的國小教師，會有較多的違反著作權的行為。不同教育背景的國小教師，違反軟體著作權的潛在動機和違反著作權的行為均沒有顯著差異。五、國小老師的性別、違反軟體著作權潛在動機和電腦倫理自我效能三項變數，對國小教師違反著作權行為有顯著的預測力。

The purpose of this study is of what from the perspective of ethical attitudes and ethical computer self efficacy to understand the elementary school teachers' behavior and potential motivations to the pirate software. The researcher conducted a questionnaire including attitudes towards ethic scale, ethical computer self efficacy questionnaire, potential motivations to pirate software scale and attitudes towards software piracy questionnaire. The research results are as followed:1. Most of the elementary school teachers take positive ethical attitudes, but Ethical computer self-efficacy can be further improved, there are less potential motivations to pirate software and less pirate software behaviors.2. With low and medium ethical attitudes, elementary school teachers' pirate software potential motivations are significantly higher than elementary school teachers with high ethical attitudes. Low ethical attitudes elementary school teachers' pirate software behaviors are significantly higher than elementary school teachers with high ethical attitudes.3. With low and medium ethical computer self-efficacy, elementary school teachers' pirate software potential motivations are significant higher than high ethical computer self-efficacy elementary school teachers. Low and medium ethical computer self-efficacy elementary school teachers' pirate software behaviors are significant higher than high ethical computer self efficacy elementary school teachers.4. Female elementary school teachers' pirate software potential motivations are significant higher than male elementary school teachers. Male elementary school teachers' pirate software behaviours are significant higher than female elementary school teachers. Elementary school teachers whose age are between 21-30, their potential motivations to pirate software are significant higher than those aged between 31-40 and 41-50. Elementary school teachers whose age are between 21-30 and 31-40, their behavior of pirate software are significant higher than those aged between 41-50. There is no significant difference between different educational backgrounds.5. Factors of gender, ethical computer self efficacy and potential motivations to pirate software can significantly predict elementary school teachers' behavior on pirate software.