攝影測量法在考古學舊社遺址研究與空間分析中的運用：以高士排灣Saqacengalj為例

An Application of Photogrammetry on Abandoned Settlement Research and Spatial Analysis: A Case Study of Saqacengalj, Taiwan

本研究旨在呈現攝影測量法在臺灣舊社考古研究中對三維資料擷取與分析的運用，並進一步與地表光達技術比較，評估兩技術的資料成果在空間分析中的潛力與差異。地表光達與攝影測量法在臺灣考古學界的認識與應用已逐漸普遍，針對此二者的成本、效率與技術要求亦有一定的了解。此研究將針對兩技術擷取與輸出的地表資料進行分析，並以此比較兩者在舊社內部空間分析成果差異。所進行用以比較的分析含括遺址內部的地貌分析、路徑分析、視域分析與人群互動分析等等，旨在呈現攝影測量法擷取的空間資訊品質與運用潛力。研究成果顯示兩技術擷取所得資料的分析成果呈現相當大的一致性，唯有地貌分析成果有些微出入；此差異可能主要源自於攝影測量法對貼近地面的矮小植被穿透度較弱，而此差異對整體分析成果而言影響有限。儘管此分析成果顯示使用攝影測量法有其優勢，不過兩技術的選擇取決須奠基於資料的後續分析與運用上的考量而非絕對的。此研究顯示的是在舊社的遺址內部空間分析研究中，攝影測量法提供一個相當經濟、便利、有效、可普遍運用的地形地貌資料擷取紀錄途徑。

This research highlights the potential for utilizing photogrammetry for 3D data recording in abandoned indigenous settlements and further spatial analyses. Indigenous abandoned settlements in Taiwan are usually located deep in the mountains where transport and mobility proves difficult and dangerous for terrestrial LiDAR equipment. As an alternative approach to LiDAR, this research utilizes photogrammetry to generate DTM and further compares that data with the terrestrial LiDAR dataset to examine its quality and analytical potential. Using the site Saqacengalj as a case study, this research shows that the two datasets exhibit high consistency in analyses such as morphology, least-cost path, visibility, and social meshworks. The results suggest that, in terms of abandoned settlement research, photogrammetry provides a convenient, efficient, and highly adaptable approach for acquiring topographic information and site documentation.