儀式遺產、社會想像與地方認同：以屏東萬金聖誕季為例

Ritual Heritage, Social Imaginary, and Place-Identity: Christmas in a Village in Taiwan

本文以2011年以來的屏東萬金聖誕季為例，探討節慶儀式作為形塑地方社會的重要機制，如何受到儀式遺產商品化的衝擊。地方居民尋求共識與解決之道的嘗試突顯出地方自主性的行動與發展不僅反映萬金人對於什麼是「萬金」的多重地方認同以及與外來力量之間的「距離感」之社會想像，更是一種新的「地方感」正在形塑的重要過程。一種不同於過去以宗教信仰界定人群範疇的社群建構與社會想像正在成形，「萬金」一直都在過程中。

Rituals become important intangible cultural heritage as people pursue community-building projects and develop the cultural industry in Taiwan. This paper examines what happens to Catholic festivals and rituals, both important mechanisms shaping the Bankim community, in the face of the cultural tourism being promoted by the local government during the Christmas season. The author suggests that the “Bankim Christmas Season＂ forms a public sphere in which local villagers project their differentiated social imaginaries and place identities in the ritual performances and material cultures. Moreover, their creative reactions toward commodified Christmas show not only local autonomy to resist official policies dealing with intangible cultural heritages, but also that a new sense of place is developing.