影響在台灣的台日跨國婚姻家庭子女日語能力維持、發展因素之探討──以日常生活中的日語語言活動為中心

A Study of Factors Affecting Japanese Maintenance and Development for Children of Japanese-Taiwanese Intermarriage in Taiwan

本研究主要從影響語言能力的各種因素當中，特別擷取屬於家庭教育一環的「日常日語使用」、「日語讀寫練習」等日常生活言語活動，探討其如何影響台日跨國婚姻家庭子女的日語會話能力。研究方法則是對於台日跨國婚姻家庭的日籍母親採取紙本問卷調查，對其子女則是實施OBC測驗並以統計學方式分析之。由本研究所得結果可知，在台灣的台日跨國婚姻家庭中，使用日語的機會頻繁，且多數家庭持續性的對其子女實施日語的聽說讀寫等學習。此外，本研究結果亦顯示台日跨國婚姻家庭的子女，其日文會話能力水準與中文會話能力相當，且其日文會話能力，與其是否就讀臺灣在地學校亦或日本人學校之關聯性並無顯著差異。經由本研究OBC測驗得知與日語能力相關的各種言語活動包括下列幾項：1、兄弟姐妹間日語使用的多寡；2、其子女可用日語交談的玩伴之有無；3、對父母親的日語使用情況；4、日語讀寫練習量的多寡；5、以日文書寫日記或書信量的多寡。最後，本研究的結果亦得知台日跨國婚姻家庭的父親對子女、或是子女對父親之間混用中日文者，其子女在日語能力方面則相對顯得較低，此顯示雙重語言的混用對日語會話能力的提升似乎並無正面影響。

This article explores not only how much Japanese-Taiwanese families in Taiwan provide educational support to help their children to maintain Japanese language ability but also the kind of educational support they have provided and which are most effective. Among the variety of support to help children to learn the Japanese language, this article deals with two factors. They are stated as follows: children using Japanese in their daily life and educational programs that supplement home use of Japanese, specifically reading Japanese books and studying books written in Japanese. The analysis section of the article proves using the Japanese language with siblings is effective in maintaining the language, along with socializing in Japanese and frequently reading Japanese books and studying Japanese, especially writing letters or keeping a diary in Japanese. Another finding is that mixing both Japanese and Chinese between children and their non-Japanese speaking father has a negative effect on children's Japanese oral skill.