從數位電視政策脈絡析論台灣緊急預警廣播系統之建構困境

Criticism Regarding Taiwan's Emergency Warning Broadcasting System (EWBS) Based on a Policy Analysis of Digital TV Transition

日本311東北地震與海嘯的震撼，見證了日本公共廣播電視機構（NHK）之數位資訊廣播，是急難時期最穩定的傳播媒體。反觀台灣，在無線電視廣播進入全面數位化當下，面對危機社會的潛在威脅，有關的緊急溝通服務卻望之闕如。本文就數位電視政策發展脈絡，檢視台灣緊急預警廣播系統建構之危機，並就危機社會的危機溝通，討論公共電視未來的數位建制與發展，及其可能帶來之轉機。

After the great East Japan earthquake and tsunami of 2011, Taiwan reacted to it by engaging in a series of discussions addressing a nationwide emergency broadcasting system. Surprisingly, Chunghwa Telecom argued that it has no capacity to provide real-time broadcasting. The burden of service provision is on radio broadcasting. However, the radio broadcasting industry does not run data broadcasting services, even after the analogue switchover in 2012. This draws a contradictory picture of the size and scope of ICT development, which has made substantial achievements in Taiwan in nearly every advanced service, except for alert broadcasts. This research analyzed the cause of this problem. A policy review revealed that the success, failure, and recurrence of digital broadcasting implementation have cycled in the past 10 years. In questioning how to change a policy issue drastically, a risk society concept is articulated with the divided governmental sectors. Is there a light at the end of the tunnel of the dark days of Taiwanese digital TV terrestrial broadcasting? Because of the emergency warning broadcasting request, the findings of this research shows that risk communications for climate change provide a reason to study and discuss TV digitization continually within the context of the radical modernization process.