反芻的多向度對大學生負向情緒變化之影響

The Influence of Multidimensional Rumination on Negative Mood Fluctuation for College Students

為釐清反芻與情緒適應的關係，本研究以廣泛的反芻定義與內容結構變異性為基礎，採納Fritz（1999）劃分的行為、情感及認知層面的三種反芻內容焦點－－功能性反芻、情緒焦點反芻及意義尋找反芻，並以類同Nolen-Hoeksema、Morrow及Fredrickson（1993）的前瞻式連續研究設計，持續十二天密集追蹤156位非憂鬱大學生的每日負向情緒變化與各類反芻頻率，且在三種不同情緒困擾的時段裡（整體分析期、嚴重且長期情緒不佳日子、負向情緒發作期），共同探討反芻思考與負向情緒之關係。整體來看，功能性反芻與負向情緒成負相關，情緒焦點反芻與負向情緒強度成正相關，而意義尋找反芻則與負向情緒的維持時間成正相關。然而，個體若處在嚴重且長期情緒不佳或負向情緒發作期，反芻思考對負向情緒的影響亦有所變動。總結來說，當考量不同內容焦點的反芻思考，以及反芻思考與個體所處的情緒狀態間之影響時，反芻思考在情緒適應中的角色並非皆是不利的。

In order to clarify the role of rumination on emotional adaptation, this study examines the relationship between different dimensions of rumination (instrumental rumination, emotional- focused rumination, and meaning- searching rumination) and negative mood fluctuation. Based on Nolen- Hoeksema's (1993) progressive paradigm, this study recruited 156 college students and measured the frequency of three types of rumination and negative mood (intensity and duration) for 12 consecutive days. The results of daily analysis showed that instrumental rumination was negatively correlated with the degree of negative mood, emotional- focused rumination was positively correlated with the degree of negative mood, and meaning- searching rumination was positively correlated with the duration of negative mood. In addition, when examining the rating within episodes of longer duration or higher severity of negative mood, three types of rumination all showed another effects on negative mood no matter on the duration or severity. Therefore, the present study indicates that different dimensions of rumination have different effects on negative mood fluctuation, and the effect of rumination on emotional adaptation also interacts with the duration and severity of negative mood.