人本取向團體沙箱治療對美國七年級青少女自尊的影響

Impact of Humanistic Group Sandtray Therapy on the Self- Esteem of Seventh-Grade Adolescent Girls in America

本研究旨在探討短期密集性人本取向團體沙箱治療對於提升青少女自尊之成效。研究採前後測控制組設計，37位來自美國某東南州之七年級青少女被分派到實驗組與控制組來參與本研究。團體沙箱組（實驗組）的受試者以四人為一小團體，共五組小團體，接受一星期兩次，每次50分鐘，共九次的治療；控制組的受試者於此期間則無接受任何提升自尊的心理治療或教育課程。研究採Harter's Self- Perception Profile for Children來測量實驗前後自尊的改變，並利用分裂區集變異數分析（split- plot analysis of variance; SPANOVA）來進行統計分析。結果顯示團體沙箱組與控制組之前後測具有統計上顯著的互動效果。簡易成效分析顯示團體沙箱組前後測之差異，具有統計學上的顯著差異，其有效程度達高等強度。因此，研究者歸結此團體沙箱治療對於提升青少女自尊是有效的，並提出研究結果之應用，研究限制，以及對未來研究之建議。

This study (n = 37) utilized a pretest- posttest control group design to examine the effects of group sandtray therapy on the self-esteem of young adolescent girls. Participants were assigned to the control group or treatment group based on the equality of group means on the pretest. A split- plot analysis of variance (SPANOVA) was conducted to analyze between- group differences across time. Results showed that group sandtray therapy is an effective treatment for enhancing self- esteem in young adolescent girls. Statistically significant interactions and notable effects were found on the Self- Perception Profile for Children. The implications of the study are discussed.