態度能否影響減低浪費的行為？－－對取用塑膠袋行為的一項研究

Can Attitude Affect Waste-reduction Behavior?-- A Study of Bag-Taking Behavior

本研究是於2002年進行，期間我國政府已宣布將實施「購物用塑膠袋及塑膠類（含保麗龍）免洗餐具限制使用政策」。研究目的是探討民眾對此政策的態度可能如何影響他們索取購物用塑膠袋的行為。受試者共有336名市民，被隨機施予正面引導（PL）或負面引導（NL）的問卷。在受訪者答完問卷以後，訪員會給受訪者四樣禮物，並詢問是否需要塑膠袋攜帶。結果發現，PL組對限用政策所產生的想法和態度，比NL所產生的更正面（更支持）。所產生的態度也和取用塑膠袋的行為有顯著相關，但PL和NL兩組在取用塑膠袋的人數比例上並無顯著差異。除解釋此一結果以外，本文並對如何更有力地檢測態度對塑膠袋取用行為的影響提出建議。

This study was conducted when the Republic of China government had announced that it would soon prohibit stores and venders from providing free plastic bags to customers. The study examined the effect of attitude toward such a policy on people's bag-taking behavior. Three hundred and thirty-six Taiwan citizens were randomly assigned to answer either a positively leading (PL) or negatively leading (NL) questionnaire. After a respondent had answered the questionnaire, the interviewer would give the respondent four pieces of gifts and ask if a bag was needed. Results showed that the PL group generated more favorable thoughts and attitude regarding the no-bag policy than the NL group did. However, though respondents' attitude could predict whether they would take a bag from the interviewer, the proportions of bag taking in the two groups were not significantly different. Reasons for these results and how attitudinal effects on bag-taking behavior could be rigorously tested were discussed.