母親的後設情緒理念對國小子女依附傾向的影響

The Influence of Maternal Meta-emotion Philosophy on Children's Attachment Inclination

父母的後設情緒理念是指父母對孩童情緒表現所產生的情緒、行為、及信念，是一組對孩童負面情緒行為的穩定認知及反應行為組型，可以被區分為：教導、不干涉、摒除與失控四種類型。本研究討論母親的後設情緒理念差異，如何影響她對孩童的情緒教化方式，進而型塑出孩童對她的依附關係傾向。本研究以結構方程模型驗證下述假設，結果顯示資料符合情形良好：情緒教導理念特徵強的母親，對子女形成母親安全型的依附傾向有促進效果，而對形成母親抗拒及逃避等不安全型的依附傾向有抑制作用；情緒摒除理念特徵強的母親，則易使子女對她形成抗拒型的依附傾向，但對安全型及逃避型依附傾向發展的影響並不明顯。研究進一步發現上述模型的關聯性，在女兒身上的作用效果明顯的大於兒子。

Parental meta-emotion philosophy, which is a stable pattern of parents' cognition, reaction, and belief on children's negative emotional behaviors, can be categorized into four types: emotion-coaching, emotion-noninvolvement, emotion-dismissing, and emotion-dysfunction. This study discusses how the maternal meta-emotion philosophy differences affect mothers' interaction with children, and in turn shape children's attachment inclination to them. Structural equation modeling was used to test a hypothetic model and the results revealed a pretty good model fit. Mothers with higher emotion-coaching philosophy benefited children in achieving a more secure attachment, and inhibited inclination of insecure-resistant and insecure-avoidant attachment, whereas mothers with higher emotion-dismissing philosophy were more likely to cause their children to show more insecureresistant attachment. Meanwhile, we also found that this association between meta-emotion philosophy and attachment style is better explained by the girls sample than by the boys sample.