受傷的時間性：受性侵害及家庭關係斷損少女之生活經驗的存在現象學分析

Wounded in Temporality: An Existential-Phenomenological Analysis of the Lived Experience of Girls with Childhood Sexual Abuse and Broken Family Relationship

本研究以「存在時間性」揭露受性侵害及家庭關係斷損少女之生活經驗的核心結構。經分析8位研究參與者的訪談資料後顯示，當受性侵害少女與父母的關係斷裂而跌出家庭之外時，她們與成人世界的連結也一起斷裂。如此，少女即生活在所謂的「野地世界」，與之對比的是由成人社會秩序所構成的「主流世界」。這兩種世界的差異在於時間樣態的不同。「野地世界」的時間性可稱之為流轉時間性，其中充滿了流動的、偶發的行動。「主流世界」中的社會秩序與價值則是奠基於線性因果時間性。主流世界中的期待與價值因此對生活在「野地世界」的少女來說沒有顯著重要性。當少女經由特定的人際關聯而逐漸獲得屬於自己的穩定生活秩序時，也就重獲了可稱之為「新生世界」的線性時間生活樣態。其中「野地世界」中的朋友關係顯現成為其建立線性生活時間的主要通道。本研究展示了「存在時間性」在兒少性侵害現象上的種種呈現，同時也指出，就協助與保護受性侵害之離家少女的處遇而言，朋友關係而非父母或師長關係，是少女們重建其線性因果時間性並獲得穩定生活不可忽視的關鍵。

This study discloses existential temporality as the core to understand the lived experience of sexually abused girls with broken family relationship. Through a phenomenological analysis of 8 participants' interview data, the result indicates that, for the girls who had been sexually abused, as their primary parent-child relationship were destroyed, they lost the connections with the adult world and fell out into the “wild world.” The “wild world,” in contrast with the “mainstream world” which is ruled by and composed of social orders, is full of spontaneous actions and events without plan and order. The modes of time lived are the keys to understand the differences between these two worlds. The time lived in the wild world can be called as flowing temporality, in which spontaneous actions are most obvious. While in the mainstream world, social orders and values are founded on the temporality of linear causality. To the girls lived in the wild world, all the desired goals in the mainstream world were set in accordance with the linear temporality and thus with no significance. Living in the wild world, peer relationships on the street appeared to be the pathway for the girls to earn their own linear-causal temporality, which would develop into a “new world” for the girls to live in. This study indicates the importance of peer relationships for the girls to rebuild the linear-causal temporality in their lives. The significance of existential temporality as a research framework to understand the experiences of girls with childhood sexual abuse is thus demonstrated.