夫妻間衝突因應策略之類型變遷及其長期影響

Longitudinal Transmission and Longitudinal Effects of Conflict- Coping Strategies Styles on Taiwanese Married Couples' Marital Quality

本研究的目的在於探討面對衝突問題時夫妻所採取因應策略之類型，與其長期變化趨勢，並檢驗衝突因應策略類型與夫妻互動、婚姻品質之長期關連。分析對象為大台北地區226對已婚夫妻每年回答一次連續四年之長期資料，主要測量變項為夫妻衝突因應策略（含理性溝通、隱瞞冷戰、忍耐避讓、嘮叨爭吵、傷己傷物、親友協調及委婉懷柔七大策略）、夫妻間互動（衝突度與支持度）及婚姻品質（充實感與後悔感），採取變異數分析、潛在轉移分析、潛在類別成長分析及多變量階層線性模式等方法進行分析。主要結果顯示：(1)夫妻間長期衝突因應策略可分為「持續少來少往型」、「持續多元反覆型」及「持續相敬如賓型」三大類。(2)長期夫妻互動及婚姻品質因夫妻衝突因應策略類型有所不同：「持續相敬如賓型」夫妻的互動與婚姻品質均持續最佳，「持續多元反覆型」夫妻則持續最差。(3)夫妻的婚姻品質均隨時間直線下降，且妻子的下降幅度顯著大於丈夫。(4)加入夫妻衝突度與支持度之後，婚姻品質即不再隨時間下降，衝突度愈高的夫妻婚姻品質愈差，支持愈高的夫妻婚姻品質愈佳。(5)夫妻衝突度與支持度對婚姻品質的影響因夫妻衝突因應策略類型而不同，長期而言，衝突低、支持高且為「持續相敬如賓型」的夫妻婚姻品質持續最佳，衝突高、支持低且為「持續多元反覆型」的夫妻婚姻品質則每況愈下。最後討論提及本研究的限制與未來研究方向。

This paper examined the longitudinal transmission of conflict-coping strategies styles among married couples, and their longitudinal effects on the relationship between marital interaction and martial quality. Two hundred and twenty six Taiwanese married couples filled out questionnaire once a year continuing for four years which included seven factors of conflict-coping strategies: reasoning, concealment and cold war, tolerance and acquiescence endurance, nagging, self-harm, others' intercession, and roundabout appeal; two aspects of interaction: negativity and received support; and two marital quality: satisfaction and regret. ANOVA, latent class transition analysis, latent class growth analysis and multivariate hierarchical linear models were applied. Results showed that the longitudinal styles of couples' conflict-coping strategies can be identified as “always rarely use tactic,” “always volatile diversely” and “always indirect moderation.” The couples who were “long-term indirect moderation” reported better interaction and higher marital quality, and the “always volatile diversely” couples reported worse and lower marital quality continually. Both husbands and wives showed significant linear decrease in marital quality across time, and wives decreased more than husbands, but those decreases disappeared if considering negativity and received support. Those who reported lower conflict or received more support reported higher marital quality over time. The longitudinal effects of conflict and support on martial quality were varied by different conflict-coping strategies styles. Those lower negativity, higher support and “always indirect moderation” couples reported best marital quality, however higher negativity, lower support and “always volatile diversely” couples reported the worst quality over time. Finally, the limits and future suggestions were discussed.