台灣版自我慈憫量表：心理計量特性、心理健康意涵及跨世代的自我慈憫差異

The Taiwanese Version of the Self-Compassion Scale: Psychometric Properties, Implications for Psychological Health and Self-Compassion across Multiple Generations

自我慈憫，意指個體在面對自身受苦與挫敗時，能用同理的態度面對自身的難處，並給予對應的滋養和照料；此概念因與心理健康有高度的關聯性，已逐漸獲得學術及臨床領域的關注，但在台灣樣本中，其測量工具—台灣版自我慈憫量表的因素效度與內容效度仍需要有系統的檢驗，以確認其跨文化適用性。本研究以台灣成年人為樣本，招募854位成人（年齡：20－64歲），針對台灣版自我慈憫量表進行心理計量檢驗，亦針對其組成因素與心理健康指標間的關聯性進行探討。研究結果顯示：1）探索性和驗證性因素分析指出台灣版自我慈憫量表可由兩個高階因素構成：自我慈憫增進因素（包含自我關愛、正念覺察及普同人性等分量表）和自我慈憫遞減因素（包含自我批判、自我隔絕及負面經驗過度認同等分量表）；2）階層迴歸分析顯示，在控制年齡與性別後，自我慈憫遞減因素單獨預測焦慮和壓力反應，而自我慈憫增進因素與遞減因素兩個組合分數偕同預測憂鬱和心理幸福感。此外，多世代年齡樣本顯示，台灣年輕成人組呈現顯著較低程度的自我慈憫，尤以負向本質的自我慈憫遞減因素為甚。本論文將討論自我慈憫表現的跨世代差異，及其在心理健康領域的意涵。

The concept of self-compassion, an empathetic and nurturing attitude toward one's own sufferings and failures, has begun to gain research and clinical attention due to its strong link to psychological health. Nevertheless, in Taiwanese samples, systematic examination of the factorial and construct validity of the Taiwanese version of the Self- Compassion Scale is still warranted. In this study, 854 adults (age range: 20-64 years) were recruited to investigate the levels of self-compassion and the differential associations between self-compassion and psychological health. The results revealed that: 1) via EFA and CFA procedures, the Taiwanese version of the Self-Compassion Scale yields two composites: the incremental composite which was constituted by self-kindness, mindfulness, and common humanity, and the decremental composite which was constituted by self-judgment, isolation, and over-identification of negative experiences; and 2) with hierarchical regression analyses, after controlling for age and gender, the decremental composite was predictive of anxiety and stress, while the two composites were jointly predictive of depression and psychological well-being. Distinct levels of self-compassion were found across multigenerational samples. The younger groups displayed less self-compassion, especially with a manifestation of greater levels in the decremental composite of the Self-Compassion Scale. We discuss our findings of the age differences in self-compassion and their implications for psychological health.