另一場新文化運動──梁啟超諸人的文化努力與五四思想界

Another New Culture Movement: The Cultural Activities of Liang Qichao's Circle and the Intellectuals around the May Fourth Movement

既往關於新文化運動的研究，多忽視其多元互歧、眾聲喧嘩的一面。實際上，新文化運動本為多個群體、多種方案並存，在相互聲援、修正與競爭的互動過程中形成。其中，梁啟超諸人的努力及方案尤其重要，影響深遠。該群體有自己的「新文化運動」理念，希望「以解放求改造」，創造一種既不同於中國、也不同於西方的新文化，實現再造文明。其目標和方式都與北大師生輩有所不同，與《新青年》同人之關係在追隨與反對之間，常思調節新文化運動之走向。該群體並非新文化運動的外在對立物，也不僅只是另外一種聲音，而是參與了時代的思考，形塑了時代的思潮，在新文化運動風氣轉變過程中，有著不容忽視的影響。後來歷史記憶所抹去的，不單是他們的文化觀點與作為，更抹去了他們所發揮的實質作用。

The diversity, conflicts, and kaleidoscopic nature of the New Culture Movement has mostly been ignored by historians. However, the real New Culture Movement was gradually formed by these various groups with their own agendas through collaborations, revisions, and competitions. Among these diverse projects, the cultural activities of Liang Qichao's circle should be paid more attention, since they had a major influence on history. They initiated their own New Culture Movement, hoping to “rebuild a new society, different from both traditional China and the Western countries through emancipation,” by which they could reinvent this civilization. Their goals and means were distinct from those of the teachers and students of Peking University. Their relationship with the New Youth circle was as neither followers nor antagonists. This circle was neither the opposite of the New Culture Movement, nor a voice isolated from the dominant discourse. Rather, its members were active participants of this time, and reshaped the intellectual trends and exerted their own influence on the transformation of the New Culture Movement. What we have forgotten is not only their cultural standpoints and pursuits, but also their role in the whole structure of this history.